Memory Key Words

?
  • Created by: Caits24
  • Created on: 09-04-17 22:55
Coding
The format in which information is stored in the various memory stores
1 of 26
Capacity
The amount of information that can be held in a memory store
2 of 26
Duration
The length of time information can be held in memory
3 of 26
Short Term Memory (STM)
The limited capacity memory store. Coding is mainly acoustic. Capacity is between 5 and 9 items. Duration is between 18 and 30 seconds
4 of 26
Long Term Memory (LTM)
The permanent memory store. Coding is mainly semantic. It has unlimited capacity and can store memories for up to a lifetime
5 of 26
Multi Store Model
A model of how memory works in terms of 3 stores called; sensory register, short term memory and long term memory. The model describes how information is transferred from one store to another, how it is remembered and how it is forgotten
6 of 26
Sensory Register
The memory stores for each of our 5 senses such as vision (iconic store) and hearing (echoic store). The capacity of the sensory register is huge but information lasts less than half a second
7 of 26
Episodic Memory
Refers to our ability to recall events/episodes. These memories are time stamped. Episodic memories involve several elements such as people, places, noises etc. all which make up a single memory.
8 of 26
Semantic Memory
Contains our knowledge of the world e.g. the meanings of words, what a giraffe looks like. These memories are not time stamped. We don't remember when we learned these concepts. Semantic memories are less personal and more about facts we all share
9 of 26
Procedural Memory
Memories of actions/skills or how we do things e.g. tie our shoe laces/drive a car
10 of 26
Working Memory Model
An explanation of how one aspect of memory (STM) is organised and how it functions
11 of 26
Central Executive
Coordinates the activities of the 3 sub-systems. It monitors incoming data and has a limited processing capacity
12 of 26
Phonological Loop
Deals with auditory information and preserves the order in which information arrives. Divided into phonological store which stores words you hear and the articulatory control system which allows maintenance rehearsal.
13 of 26
Visuo-spatial Sketchpad
Stores visual and spatial information. Has a limited capacity of 3/4 objects. Divided into visual cache which stores visual data and inner scribe which records the arrangement of objects in the visual field
14 of 26
Epsiodic Buffer
Temporary store for information integrating the visual, spatial and verbal information processed by other stores, and maintains a sense of time sequencing. Has a capacity of about 4 chunks. It links WM to LTM
15 of 26
Interference
Forgetting because one memory blocks another causing one or both memories to be forgotten or distorted
16 of 26
Proactive Interference (PI)
Occurs when an older memory interferes with a newer one
17 of 26
Retroactive Interference (RI)
Occurs when a newer memory interferes with an older one
18 of 26
Retrieval Failure
Occurs when we don't have the necessary cues to access memory. The memory is available but not accessible unless a suitable cue is provided
19 of 26
Cue
A trigger of information that allows us to access a memory. Cues may be meaningful or indirectly linked to a memory
20 of 26
Eyewitness Testimony (EWT)
The ability of people to remember details of events, such as accidents and crimes, which they themselves have observed.
21 of 26
Misleading Information
Incorrect information given to the eyewitness after the event.
22 of 26
Leading Question
A question, which because of the way it is worded, suggests a certain answer. E.g. 'Was the knife in the man's left hand?' suggests the knife was in the man's left hand
23 of 26
Post-Event Discussion
Occurs when there is more than one witness to an event. Witnesses may discuss what they have seen with co-witnesses. This may influence the accuracy of each witnesses recall of the event
24 of 26
Anxiety
A state of emotional and physical arousal. The emotions include having worried thoughts and feelings of tension. Physical changes include an increased heart rate and sweatiness. Anxiety can affect the accuracy of EWTs
25 of 26
Cognitive Interview
A method of interviewing eyewitnesses to help them retrieve more accurate memories.
26 of 26

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The amount of information that can be held in a memory store

Back

Capacity

Card 3

Front

The length of time information can be held in memory

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

The limited capacity memory store. Coding is mainly acoustic. Capacity is between 5 and 9 items. Duration is between 18 and 30 seconds

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

The permanent memory store. Coding is mainly semantic. It has unlimited capacity and can store memories for up to a lifetime

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Psychology resources:

See all Psychology resources »See all Memory resources »