memory for AS psychology - key terms

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What is the Multi-store model (MSM)?
an explanation of memory that sees information flowing through a series of storage systems
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What is the sensory register (SR)?
a short-time store holding impressions of information received by the senses
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What is short-term memory (STM)?
a temporary store holding small amounts of information for brief periods
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What is long-term memory (LTM)?
a permanent store holding limitless amounts of information for long periods
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What is coding?
the means by which information is presented in memory
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what is capacity?
the amount of information that can be stored at a given time
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what is duration?
the length of time information retains in storage
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what is chunking?
method of increasing STM capacity by grouping information into larger units
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what is retrieval?
the recall of stored memories
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what is the working memory model (WMM)?
an explanation that sees short-term memory as an active store holding several pieces of information simultaneously
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What is central executive (CE)?
component of the WMM that oversees and co-ordinates the components of working memory
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what is phonological loop (PL)?
component of the WMM that deals with auditory information
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what is Visuo-spatial sketchpad (VSS)?
component of the WMM that deals with visual information and the physical relationship of items
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what is the Episodic buffer?
component of the WMM that is a temporary store of integrated information from all of the other components
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what is the primary acoustic store (PAS)?
part of the phonological loop that stores heard words
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what is the articulatory process (AP)?
part of the phonological acoustic store, allows sub-vocal repetition of information within the store
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what is the visual cache (VC)?
part of the VSS, stores information about form and colour
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what is the inner scribe?
part of the VSS, stores information about the physical relationships of items
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what is the episodic memory (EM)?
a form of LTM for events occurring in an individuals life
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what is the semantic memory (SM)?
type of LTM for meanings, understandings and other concept-based knowledge
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what is the procedural memory (PM)?
type of LTM for the performance of particular types of action
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what is forgetting?
the failure to retrieve memories
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what is retrieval failure?
an explanation for forgetting when material is stored in the LTM but cannot be recalled due to a lack of cues
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what is interference theory (IT)?
an explanation for forgetting when similar material is confused in recall from LTM
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what is proactive interference?
a form of interference that occurs when past memories inhibit an individual's full potential to retain new memories
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what is retroactive interference?
a form of interference that occurs when new information interferes with the recall of old information
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what is cue-dependent forgetting (CDF)?
a type of forgetting based upon a failure to retrieve the prompts that trigger recall
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what is context-dependent failure?
a form of CDF where recall occurs in a different external setting to coding
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what is state-dependent failure?
a form of CDF where recall occurs in a different internal setting to coding
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what is eyewitness testimony (EWT)?
evidence provided by those recalling an event who were present when the event took place
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what is schema?
a readiness to interpret sensory information in a pre-set manner
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what is misleading information?
information that suggests a desired response
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what is post-event discussion?
information added to a memory after the event has occured
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what is anxiety?
an unpleasant state of emotional arousal
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what is cognitive interview (CI)?
a procedure for police questioning of witnesses that promotes accurate, detailed recall of events
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what is standard police interview (SPI)?
the established method of police questioning
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what is enhanced cognitive interview (ECI)?
an advanced method of questioning witnesses that overcomes problems caused by inappropriate sequencing of questions
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what is modified cognitive interview (MCI)?
an amended form of the CI
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what are mnemonics?
techniques that promotes memory recall
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what is active processing?
subjecting information to deep and meaningful analysis
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is the sensory register (SR)?

Back

a short-time store holding impressions of information received by the senses

Card 3

Front

What is short-term memory (STM)?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is long-term memory (LTM)?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is coding?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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