memory ; imp. ewt ; cognitive interview 0.0 / 5 ? PsychologyMemoryA2/A-levelAQA Created by: ilovetheofficeCreated on: 02-04-18 10:50 what techniques did fisher and geiselman suggest police should use to better ewts? those based on psychological insights to how memory works 1 of 46 what are these techniques collectively called? cognitive interview 2 of 46 how many main techniques? four 3 of 46 which are? report erryting / reinstate context / reverse order / change perspective 4 of 46 1. report everythign dfifngdf 5 of 46 what are witnesses encouraged to include? every single useless detail even if unconfident 6 of 46 what may these seemingly trivial details do? trigger other important memories / be important 7 of 46 2. reinstate context dignd 8 of 46 what should witnesses do in mind? return to crime scene 9 of 46 and imagine which two things? environment and emotions 10 of 46 what forgetting thin is this linked to from earlier? context-dependent forgetting 11 of 46 3. reverse the order dgfingdf 12 of 46 why is this done? to prevent people reporting their expectations of how event happened > how rlly did 13 of 46 what does it also prevent? people trickin tha popo 14 of 46 4. change perspective igndfg 15 of 46 why is this done? to disrupt effect of expectation and schema on recall 16 of 46 what do schema for particular settings generate? expectations of what would have happened 17 of 46 so you accidentally recall? schema > real events 18 of 46 the enhanced cognitive interview ingd 19 of 46 fisher developed these additional elements to focus on what about the interaction? social dynamics 20 of 46 for example what abou eye contact? interviewer knows when to hold and release gaze 21 of 46 this also includes ideas like askin what type of qs? open-ended 22 of 46 getting witness to speak? slowly 23 of 46 minimising> distractions 24 of 46 and reducing what in eyewitness? anxiety 25 of 46 EVALUATION DNFD 26 of 46 :( time consuming sdifns 27 of 46 what takes less time? standard police interview 28 of 46 for example why might CI take more time? establishing rapport and allowing relaxation 29 of 46 what does the CI also require of officers? special training that they don't have time 4 30 of 46 what does this mean about ci useage? unlikely the proper version is actually used 31 of 46 :) some elements may be more valuablethan others dgn 32 of 46 what did milne and bull find about each individual element? equally valuable 33 of 46 however what combination did they find was better than any other conditions? report everything and context reinstatement 34 of 46 who was already suspicious some parts were better than others? police officers 35 of 46 why is this a strength? suggests at least these two elements should be used by police if allarent 36 of 46 what does this also increase for the CI among police officers? credibility 37 of 46 :) support for effectiveness dfignd 38 of 46 kohnken did a meta-analysis of how many studies? 50 39 of 46 what produced more correct information? standard interview of eci? eci duuh 40 of 46 strength bc what does study indicate? real practical benefits to police of using enhanced version 41 of 46 what does research show it gives police greater chance of? catching criminals 42 of 46 which benefits what as a whole? society 43 of 46 :( creates increase in inaccurate information dingdgind 44 of 46 kohnken founnd what % increase in correct info? 81% 45 of 46 but incorrect increase? 61% 46 of 46
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