memory ; exp. 4 forgetting ; retrieval failure 0.0 / 5 ? PsychologyMemoryA2/A-levelAQA Created by: ilovetheofficeCreated on: 01-04-18 17:48 what does this suggest forgetting information may be because? insufficient cues 1 of 47 when are associated cues stored in memory? when information is initially placed there 2 of 47 so then what is retrieval failure? lack of available cues at time of recall 3 of 47 so we don't really forget we just? are inable to access memories that are there 4 of 47 encoding specificity principle (esp) dsignd 5 of 47 what did tulving do? reviewed retrieval failure research 6 of 47 and discovered what kind of pattern? consistent 7 of 47 what did he summarise this pattern into? encoding specificity principle 8 of 47 what does this state about cues? if they are to help us recall information they it has to be there at encoing and at retrieval 9 of 47 so what does this mean if cues available at coding and retrieval are different? there'll be some forgetting 10 of 47 give an example of how term 'stm' can be used as a meaningful cue? may lead to recall all sorts of informatio nabout short-term memory 11 of 47 when are these cues used? in mnemonic techniques 12 of 47 other cues aren't meaningfully linked and can be categoriesed as? internal cues and external cues 13 of 47 which lead to which two types of forgetting context-dependent forgetting (ext.) and state-dependent forgetting (int.) 14 of 47 context-depended forgetting sniddsfs 15 of 47 who did godden and baddeley study? deep sea divers 16 of 47 in this situation what is it crucial for divers to do? remember instructions given before diving 17 of 47 in this study where did the two groups of divers learn the information? either underwater or on land 18 of 47 which created how many conditions? four 19 of 47 which were? learn + recall land / learn + recall water / learn land rec water / learn water rec land 20 of 47 was there more accurate recall in the matching or non-matching conditions? matching 21 of 47 how much lower was accurate recall in non-matching (%)? 40% 22 of 47 why did this retrieval failure come about in terms of cues? external cues available at learning and recall were different 23 of 47 state-dependent forgetting dfioogndfg 24 of 47 what did carter and cassaday give to pps? anti-histamines 25 of 47 what did the mild sedative in them make pps do? feel slightly drowsy 26 of 47 what does this create? internal physiological state diff from 'normal' being awake and alert 27 of 47 what did pps have to learn and recall? lists of words and prose passages 28 of 47 how many conditions? four 29 of 47 which were? learn + recall drugged up / learn + recall not drugged up / learn drugged but not recall / recall drugged but not learn 30 of 47 in which set of conditions was performance on memory test significantly worse? those with a mismatch in internal state 31 of 47 so what does this mean for cues? when cues absent more forgetting 32 of 47 EVALUATION DIFGND 33 of 47 :) supporting evidence fifgndfig 34 of 47 what are the two studies we literally just talked about? scuba divers and antihistemines 35 of 47 what does this supporting evidence increas? the validity 36 of 47 why is this especially true in this rsrch? real-life situations AND lab 37 of 47 :( questioning context effects dogndf 38 of 47 what does baddeley argue? context effects aren't that strong esp in real life 39 of 47 different contexts have to be what before effect seen? dramamtically different 40 of 47 why is this a limitation with regards to the real-life aplications? means they don't rlly explain much forgetting bc of contextual cues 41 of 47 :( recal v recognition digdfgdf 42 of 47 what might context effect be related to? kind of memory being tested 43 of 47 what did godden and baddeley do when replicating underwater exp? gave recogntion > recall test 44 of 47 meaning? pps had to say whether they recognised a word read to them instead of retrieving for themselves 45 of 47 was there any context-dependent effect when recognition tested? no 46 of 47 why is this a further limitation of context effects? means presence + absense cues only affects recall not recognition 47 of 47
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