memory AO1 (stm + ltm)

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  • Created by: danbot77
  • Created on: 16-04-21 14:39
Who developed the MSM?
Atkinson and Shiffrin
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How does memory get transferred through the system?
SR- takes info from senses, if attention is payed then it is passed onto STM if not, then the info decays.
STM- Info is now acoustic, info can be lost through decay, rehearsal passes on to LTM
LTM- Info stays forever in semantic form.
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What is the coding, duration and capacity of the sensory register?
coding: echoic stores hold auditory info
iconic stores for visual info.
duration: 0.25 seconds
capacity: large
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Describe a study into the capacity and duration of the sensory register
Sperling flashed a 3x4 of letters on for a 20th of a second. Retrieval of info was quite high which allowed him to conclude that the capacity is large and lasts for around 0.25 seconds.
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what is the coding, duration and capacity of the short tarm memory (stm)?
coding: acoustic
duration: 18-30 seconds
capacity: 5-9 items (can be extended by chunking)
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Describe a study into the capacity of the stm.
Jacobs used the digit span technique and showed ptpts a string of digits. These get progressively longer and ptpts have to recall in correct order. He found that people could, on average, recall 5-9 items correctly.
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Describe a study into the duration of the stm.
Peterson and Peterson gave participants a nonsense trigram and asked participants to count backwards in 3s from a three digit number. (to prevent rehearsal) After 3 seconds, recall was 80% accurate and after 18 seconds it drops to 10%.
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Describe a study into the coding of the stm.
Baddeley gave 75 ptpts on of two lists. One had words that were acoustically similar and the other was dissimilar, Ptpts who had the acoustically similar list had a recall rate of 10%. This is due to the similar words causing acoustic confusion.
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What is the coding, capacity and duration of the long term memory (ltm)?
coding: semantic (by meaning) however other types can be used.
capacity: infinite
duration: unlimited.
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Aim and method of a study into the duration of the ltm.
Bahrick asked American ptpts aged from 17 to 74 to freely name all the people they graduated with. Then he did a photo and name recognition for ex- friends.
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Findings and conclusion into a study on the duration of the ltm.
People who were recalling 15 years later had 90% recognition on the photo test and 60% free recall accuracy.
people who were recalling after 48 years had an 80% recognition on the photo test and 30% on free recall tests. We rarely forget, just need cues.
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Describe a study done into the coding of the ltm.
Baddeley gave lists that were either semantically similar or dissimilar and gave a 20 minute break after learning them before recall. He found that words with similar meaning were poorly recalled in comparison to unique words. Showing semantic coding.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

How does memory get transferred through the system?

Back

SR- takes info from senses, if attention is payed then it is passed onto STM if not, then the info decays.
STM- Info is now acoustic, info can be lost through decay, rehearsal passes on to LTM
LTM- Info stays forever in semantic form.

Card 3

Front

What is the coding, duration and capacity of the sensory register?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Describe a study into the capacity and duration of the sensory register

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

what is the coding, duration and capacity of the short tarm memory (stm)?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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