Memory

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Short term memory
Duration: 18-30s. Capacity: 7+/-2 pieces of info. Coding: mainly acoustic.
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Long term memory
Duration: potentially a lifetime. Capacity: potentially unlimited. Coding: Mainly semantic.
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Multi-store model of memory
Sensory register- large capacity, short duration. Attention transfers info from sensory reg. to STM. STM - limited capacity, limited duration unless rehearsed. Maintenance rehearsal creates a LTM. LTM - unlimited capac. + dura. Retrieval from LTM
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Working memory model
Central executive-acts as 'attention', allocates tasks to slave systems. Phonological loop-auditory info, phono. store, inner ear. Visuo-spatial sketchpad, visual tasks. Episodic buffer records events as they happen, linked to LTM.
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Types of LTM
EPISODIC-personal memories, details of context and emotion. SEMANTIC-knowledge shared by everyone, acquired via episodic memories. PROCEDURAL-knowing how to do something, become automatic through repetition and are disrupted if thought about.
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Retroactive interference
New interferes with old, explanation for forgetting.
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Proactive interference
old interferes with new, explanation for forgetting.
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Retrieval failure
Explanation for forgetting, absence of cues.Context-dependent forgetting (scuba divers). State-dependent forgetting - mental state you are in at time of learning (drunk experiment).
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Accuracy of eyewitness testimony
Misleading information, anxiety and the cognitive interview.
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Misleading information
leading questions suggest the desired answer, Loftus and Palmer. Post event discussion, may contaminate eyewitness memory of event. Conformity effect-participants recollection influenced by discussion of others. Repeat interviewing.
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Leading questions
A question that, either by its form or content, suggests to the witness what answer is desired or leads him or her to the desired answer.
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Anxiety
Stress reduces performance on complicated cognitive tasks. Weapon focus effect reduces accuracy of face identification. High-anxiety victims remember most accurately. High accuracy at moderate levels of anxiety, low accuracy at high levels of anxiety
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Cognitive interview
Mental reinstatement of original context. Report everything. Change order. Change perspective.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Duration: potentially a lifetime. Capacity: potentially unlimited. Coding: Mainly semantic.

Back

Long term memory

Card 3

Front

Sensory register- large capacity, short duration. Attention transfers info from sensory reg. to STM. STM - limited capacity, limited duration unless rehearsed. Maintenance rehearsal creates a LTM. LTM - unlimited capac. + dura. Retrieval from LTM

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Central executive-acts as 'attention', allocates tasks to slave systems. Phonological loop-auditory info, phono. store, inner ear. Visuo-spatial sketchpad, visual tasks. Episodic buffer records events as they happen, linked to LTM.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

EPISODIC-personal memories, details of context and emotion. SEMANTIC-knowledge shared by everyone, acquired via episodic memories. PROCEDURAL-knowing how to do something, become automatic through repetition and are disrupted if thought about.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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