Measure of how much can be held in memory. Represented in terms of numbers
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Coding
The way information is changed so that it can be stored in memory. Stored in visual codes, acoustic codes or semantic codes.
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Duration
A measure of how long a memory lasts before it is no longer available.
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Long term memory (LTM)
Your memory for events that have happened in the past. This lasts anywhere from 2 minutes to 100 years. LTM has a potentially unlimited duration and capacity and tends to be coded semantically.
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Short term memory (STM)
Your memory for immediate events. STM's are measured in seconds and minutes. Disappears unless rehearsed. Has a limited capacity of about four items and tends to be coded acoustically.
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Multi-store model
An explanation of memory based on three separate memory stores and how information is transferred between these.
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Sensory register
Information collected by your eyes, ears, nose e.c.t. It is retained for a very brief period. The capacity of sensory memory is very large, and the method of coding depends on the sense organ involved.
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Working memory model
An explanation of memory used when working on a task. Each store is qualitatively different.
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Central executive
Monitors and coordinates all other mental functions in working memory.
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Episodic buffer
Receives input from many sources, temporarily stores this information, and then integrates it in order to construct a mental episode.
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Phonological loop
Codes speech sounds in working memory, typically involving maintenance rehearsal
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Visuo-spatial sketchpad
Codes visual information in terms of separate objects as well as the arrangement of these objects in one's visual field.
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Episodic memory
Personal memories of events. Includes contextual details plus emotional tone.
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Procedural memory
Memory of how to do things, such as riding a bike. These memories are automatic as the result of repeated practice.
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Semantic memory
Shared memories for facts and knowledge. These may be concrete (ice is made of water) or abstract (mathematical knowledge)
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Interference
An explanation for forgetting in terms of one memory disrupting the ability to recall another. This is most likely to occur when there is similarity in the memories.
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Proactive Interference
Past learning interferes with current attempts to learn information
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Retroactive Interference
Current attempts to learn something interfere with past learning
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Cues
Things that serve as a reminder. They may be meaningfully linked to the memory or may be environmental cues (a room) or related to mental state (being drunk or happy)
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Retrieval failure
Occurs due to absence of cues. Based on the idea that the issue relates to being able to retrieve a memory that is there but not accessible.
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Leading question
A question suggests to the witness what answer is desired or leads them to the desired answer.
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Misleading information
Supplying information that may lead a witness' memory of a crime to be altered
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Post-event discussion
A conversation after a crime has taken place which may contaminate a witness' memory of an event.
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Cognitive interview
A police technique which encourages witnesses to recreate the original context of the crime in order to increase accessibility of stored information.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
The way information is changed so that it can be stored in memory. Stored in visual codes, acoustic codes or semantic codes.
Back
Coding
Card 3
Front
A measure of how long a memory lasts before it is no longer available.
Back
Card 4
Front
Your memory for events that have happened in the past. This lasts anywhere from 2 minutes to 100 years. LTM has a potentially unlimited duration and capacity and tends to be coded semantically.
Back
Card 5
Front
Your memory for immediate events. STM's are measured in seconds and minutes. Disappears unless rehearsed. Has a limited capacity of about four items and tends to be coded acoustically.
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