memory

Jacobs- 1887 capacity of short term memory, aim

to investigate the capacity of short term memory

1 of 22

Jacobs- 1887 capacity of short term memory, procedure

digit span test, set of standardised instructions, told set of digits, recall straight away, sequence got longer, then repeated with letters

2 of 22

Jacobs- 1887 capacity of short term memory, findings

average digit span 9.3, average letter span 7.3

3 of 22

Jacobs- 1887 capacity of short term memory, conclusion

our short term memory has the ability to hold 7 +/- 2

4 of 22

Peterson & Peterson- 1959 duration of short term memory, aim

to investigate duration of short term memory and provide empirical evidence for the multi store model

5 of 22

Peterson & Peterson- 1959 duration of short term memory, procedure

lab experiment with 24 participants, had to recall trigrams, to prevent rehearsal had to count backwards in threes from a number, when red light appeared recall, called Brown Peterson technique

6 of 22

Peterson & Peterson- 1959 duration of short term memory, findings

the longer the interval delay the less trigrams were recalled, 80% after 3 seconds, 10% after 18 seconds

7 of 22

Peterson & Peterson- 1959 duration of short term memory, conclusion

short term memory has a limited duration when rehearsal is prevented, 18 seconds

8 of 22

Bahrick et al- 1975 capacity + duration of long term memory, aim

to investigate recall and recognition of long term memory

9 of 22

Bahrick et al- 1975 capacity + duration of long term memory, procedure

392 graduates from US high schools over 50 years, shown pictures from year book, recognition- match names to pictures, recall- given photo asked for name

10 of 22

Bahrick et al- 1975 capacity + duration of long term memory, findings

recognition- 90% within 15 years, 80% within 25 years, 75% with 34 years, 60% with 47 years. recall- 60% after 7 years, less than 20% after 47 years

11 of 22

Bahrick et al- 1975 capacity + duration of long term memory, conclusion

dont tend to forget faces but need cues to help retrieval, capacity is potentially unlimited, duration is potentially a lifetime

12 of 22

Baddeley- 1966 coding of short and long term memory, aim

to assess whether coding was acoustic or semantic

13 of 22

Baddeley- 1966 coding of short and long term memory, findings

STM- acoustically similar 10% recall (worst) participants confused similar sounding words, other lists 60 to 80%. LTM- semantically similar 55% (worst) confused similar meaning words, recall for other lists 70 to 85%

14 of 22

Baddeley- 1966 coding of short and long term memory, conclusion

STM- codes acoustically. LTM- codes semantically

15 of 22

Postman- 1960 retroactive interference, aim

to investigate how retroactive interference affects learning

16 of 22

Postman- 1960 retroactive interference, procedure

lab experiment, participants split into two groups, both had to remember a list of paired words, experimental group- learn one list then learn another, control group just learn one list, both groups recall first list

17 of 22

Postman- 1960 retroactive interference, findings

recall of the control group was more accurate

18 of 22

Postman- 1960 retroactive interference, conclusion

learning of the second list interfered with recall of the first list

19 of 22

Cognitive interview

1. report everything, even details that seem irrelevant. 2. reinstate the context, return to original crime scene in their mind and imagine the environment, context dependent forgetting.

20 of 22

Cognitive interview

3. change the order, recall from a different point, middle or end. 4. change perspective, recall the incident from other peoples perspective, e.g. other witnesses, victim

21 of 22

Factors affecting EWT

Anxiety- positive and negative effect, positive, increase alertness (fightorflight). negative, weapon focus effect

22 of 22

Get Revising

memory

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Back

Card 3

Front

Back

Card 4

Front

Back

Card 5

Front

Back

Comments

Similar Psychology resources:

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Back

Card 3

Front

Back

Card 4

Front

Back

Card 5

Front

Back

Comments

Related discussions on The Student Room

Similar Psychology resources: