Memory 0.0 / 5 ? PsychologyMemoryASAQA Created by: Catherine SarahCreated on: 02-06-17 01:34 Atkinson and Shiffrin Created the multi-store model; sensory register, STM, LTM. 1 of 23 Warrington (1970) Against Atkinson and Shiffrin - studied KF (2 STM, not 1). 2 of 23 Craik and Watkins (1973) Against Atkinson and Shiffrin - two types of rehearsal; maintenance (STM) and elaborative (LTM). 3 of 23 Tulving (1985) Proposed types of LTM; episodic, semantic, procedural. 4 of 23 HM For Tulving (1985) - impaired episodic, normal procedural/ semantic. 5 of 23 Tulving et al (1994) For Tulving (1985) - PET scan evidence, do memory tasks = saw where the stores were (episodic = right PFC). 6 of 23 Baddeley (2003) For/ against working memory model - "most important, least understood". 7 of 23 Shallice and Warrington (1970) For working memory model - KF study (verbal STM damage - process visually, not auditorily). 8 of 23 Baddeley et al (1975) For working memory model - better doing verbal and visual task = visuo-spatial sketchpad 9 of 23 McGeoch and McDonald For interference - it's higher when memories are similar (learning two columns of words - synonyms/ antonyms etc). 10 of 23 Baddeley and Hitch (1977) For interference - rugby players recalling past matches; didn't depend on length of time, but the number of games played. 11 of 23 Godden and Baddeley (1975) For context-dependent forgetting - deep sea divers learning list of words. 12 of 23 Carter and Cassaday (1998) For state-dependent forgetting - antihistamine drugs vs 'normal alert'. 13 of 23 Godden and Baddeley (1980) Against context effects (retrieval failure) - replicated underwater study with recognition NOT recall = no context dependent effect. 14 of 23 Loftus and Palmer (1974) For leading questions (EWT) - car accident clips, different verb in Q's = different recollection. 15 of 23 Gabbert et al (2003) For post-event discussion (EWT) - watch same crime at different points of view, spoke, recalled = said things they didn't see. 16 of 23 Anastasi and Rhodes (2006) Against misleading information (EWT) - younger age = more accurate BUT all better with own age group. 17 of 23 Johnson and Scott (1976) For anxiety's negative effect on recall - argument in room, different weapon came out (high anxiety = lower correct EWT). 18 of 23 Pickel (1998) Against Johnson and Scott - repeated experiment & people focused on unusual weapon = no weapon focus effect. 19 of 23 Yuille and Cutshall (1986) For anxiety's positive effect - real life shooting victims, measure no. of correct details recalled (higher anxiety = better recall). 20 of 23 Fisher et al (1987) Proposed newer cognitive interview, i.e. enhanced cognitive interview (ECI); social dynamics of interactions considered. 21 of 23 Kohnken (1999) For ECI - 50 study meta analysis = more effective than standard interview. 22 of 23 Milne and Bull (2002) For cognitive interview - using multiple elements of it = more information. 23 of 23
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