Hollywood & Marlon Brando 1973; different areas; melting pot didn't apply (1930s-1990s)
1 of 25
Political Signpost
1860s exterminationist view, and 1992 seperate 'nations'
2 of 25
Political evidence 1860s
Plains Wars - Peace treaties (Fort Laramie 1868)
3 of 25
Political evidence 1930s
More sympathetic - IRA (1934) - 174 tribes; mass organisations - (NCAI 1944, AIM 1968)
4 of 25
Political evidence 1960s
LBJ speech; 1975 Indian Self-Determination Act
5 of 25
Political evaluation 1880s-1920s
Assimilation - Dawes Act 1887 (2/3rd 1920); Indian Citizenship Act 1924; 78 tribes didn't form governments by 1930s
6 of 25
Political evaluation 1950s
1948 Harrison v. Laveen; termination policy
7 of 25
Political Judgement
focused on NA political independence
8 of 25
Economic signpost
1865 obstacles & 1992 special economic case
9 of 25
Economic evidence 1860s
Economic resources destroyed; took land (50% 1860-1900) - Manifest Destiny
10 of 25
Economic evidence 1930s
IRA encouraged tribal corporations (Arts and crafts 1935); Indian Claims Council (1946) - $818mill 1978
11 of 25
Economic evidence 1970s
Alaska Claims Settlement (1971) - 44mill acres to Inuit nation
12 of 25
Economic Evaluation 1880s-1920s
White farming methods (1930s Navajo tribe won 6 mill. acres) & private property (Dawes Act- allotment)
13 of 25
Economic Evaluation 1980s
Indian Gaming Act 1988 - native capitalism ($5bill. income by late 1990s)
14 of 25
Economic counter evaluation
Society of American Indians pioneered pan-Native protest against assimilation (land poor quality); Fed Gov admit economic failure - Merriam report 1928 - 15% of av white income
Restrict freedom of movement via reservation; 'merciless savages' (Custers defeat 1876); Repressed (1890); decline in population (240,000 to 100,000 1860-1900)
Red militancy (1960s); 1972 Indian Education Act; Religious Freedom Act 1978; Logos and Names in sport
20 of 25
Social/Cultural evaluation 1880s-1920s
Fed Boarding School (Carlisle 1879) - 114 in 6 years
21 of 25
Social/Cultural evaluation WW2
25,000 in armed forces
22 of 25
Social/Cultural evaluation 1950s
Fed Gov sponsored migration - BIA helped 33,000 - by 1992 over 50% lived in cities
23 of 25
Social/Cultural judgement
emphasis on special social/cultural rights
24 of 25
Conclusion
didn't apply; Assimilation (1880s-1920s) too short & reformist emphasis on NA distinctions ended it; NA disagreed (5 civilised tribes); used citizenship rights to highlight historic tribal differences
25 of 25
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Political Signpost
Back
1860s exterminationist view, and 1992 seperate 'nations'
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