Meiosis and Mitosis

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What is mitosis?
Mitosis is when a cell reproduces itself by splitting to form two identical offspring
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What is mitosis usually used for?
When plants and animals grow or to replace cells that have been damaged
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What is the first stage of mitosis?
The cell duplicates its DNA , and forms X-shaped chromosomes - each 'arm' of the chromosome is an exact clone duplicate of each other
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What is the second stage of mitosis?
The chromosomes then line up at the centre of the cell and cell fibres pull them apart. The two arms of each chromosome go to opposite ends of the cell
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What is the third stage of mitosis?
Membranes form around each of the new sets of chromosomes - these become the nuclei of the two new cells
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What is the final stage of mitosis?
Lastly, the cytoplasm divides
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How many daughter cells are produced by mitosis?
Two (genetically identical)
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What can mitosis also be used for?
Some organisms can also use mitosis for reproduction
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What type of reproduction is mitosis an example of?
Asexual reproduction
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Why is there no variation in mitosis?
The offspring have exactly the same genes as the parent
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What is meiosis?
Meiosis produces cells which have half the normal number of chromosomes
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In humans, where is the only place where meiosis happen?
In the reproductive organs
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What is the first stage of meiosis?
Before the cell starts to divide, it duplicates its DNA - one arm of each chromosome pairs line up in the centre of the cell
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What is the second stage of meiosis?
The pairs are then pulled apart, so each new cell only has one copy of each chromosome. Some of both the mother's and father's chromosomes go into each new cell
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What is the final stage of meiosis?
In the second division the chromosomes line up again in the centre of the cell. The arms of the chromosomes are then pulled apart into new cells
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How many daughter cells are produced by meiosis?
Four
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What are produced as a result of meiosis?
Gametes
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How many chromosomes does each gamete contain?
A single set (23)
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After two gametes join at fertilisation, how does the cell grow?
By mitosis
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What type of reproduction is meiosis involved in?
Sexual reproduction
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is mitosis usually used for?

Back

When plants and animals grow or to replace cells that have been damaged

Card 3

Front

What is the first stage of mitosis?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the second stage of mitosis?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is the third stage of mitosis?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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