Re-Birth, change, new ideas being discovered especially in medicine.
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Key Influential Figures Of Renaissance Medicine?
Andreas Versalius (1514-1564), Ambroise Pare (1510-1590), William Harvey (1578-1657)
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Andreas Versalius?
Did secret dissections, first person to prove Galen wrong, Fabric of the human body,
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Ambroise Pare?
Battlefield surgeon, Chance that he ran out of oil- made a remedy that worked, developed ligatures, proved bezor stone wrong,
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William Harvey?
Studied at Padua university, Showed how Galen was wrong , Proved the heart acts as a pump,
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Previous natrual anaesthetics?
Alcohol, Opium and mandrake were used to reduce pain but effective anaesthetics that didnt make the patient ill were more difficult to produce.
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What did Humphry Davy discover ?
1799- Nitrous Oxide (laughing gas), was ignored by many surgeons at the time.
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Who suggested the use of Nitrous Oxide in dentistry?
Horace Wells.
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Who found the qualities of Ether and in which year?
1842- Crawford Long found the anaesthetic qualities of ether but never published them.
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Who did the first public demonstration of Ether?
1846- William Morton
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As Ether is an irritant and fairly explosive, who discovered the alternative?
1847 JAMES SIMPSON- experimented on himself to find an alternative. He discovered CHLOROFORM.
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How is chloroform used?
In the operating theatres and to reduce pain in childbirth, although it sometimes affected the heart causing patients to die suddenly.
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General anaesthesia (completely unconciousness) is risky so local anaesthesia is better for many opperations.
In 1884 William Halsted investigated the use of cocaine as local anaesthesia, his self-experimentation led to a strong addiction habit.
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Whats an Antiseptic? (KILLING)
Aseptic methods are used to kill germs that get near surgical wounds.
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Whats an Aseptic? (PREVENTION)
Aseptic surgical methods are used to prevent any germs getting near the wound. (PREVENTION)
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Who pioneered the use of Antiseptics?
Joseph Lister, he had seen carbolic acid sprays used to keep the smell of sewage down, he tried it in the early 1860s in the operating theatre and saw reduced infection rates.
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J.Lister ...
After germ theory came out in 1865 he realised germs could be in the air on surgical equipment and on peoples hands. So he used carbolic acid on instruments and bandages.
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Negatives about carbolic acid?
It is unpleasent to get on your skin or breathe in- so many doctors and nurses didnt like to use it. The use of antiseptics reduced death rates from 50% to 15%.
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Who discovered Blood groups in 1900s?
Karl Landsteiner, in 1946 the british national blood transfusion service was established.
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x- rays?
1895- Wilhelm Roentgen
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When were first radioactive isotopes first discovered?
1896-1898 Antoine Becquerel,Pierre and Marie Curie.
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Transplants:
First heart transplant was in 1967.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Key Influential Figures Of Renaissance Medicine?
Back
Andreas Versalius (1514-1564), Ambroise Pare (1510-1590), William Harvey (1578-1657)
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