X-rays are high energy electromagnetic waves that get absorbed by dense materials like bone and metal. Radiographers use X-rays to take photographs of bones. X-rays are ionising, so there is always a health risk.
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What are CAT scans used for?
CAT scans use X-rays to produce an image of a two dimensional slice through the body. They use intense beams of X-rays that are strongly ionising and can be used to image soft tissue as well as denser materials.
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What are endoscopes used for?
Endoscopes use visible light, (which is non ionising), which is reflected along optical fibres and can be used to see inside pateints without invasive surgery. They can be used for keyhole surgery.
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What can ultrasound do?
Ultrasound (above 20 kHz) is a non ionising method of imaging so it's safe. It can break down kidney stones by high energy waves being concentrated in the correct area and vibrating the stone, turning it to a sand which can be passed in urine.
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What else can ultrasound be used for, apart to break down kidney stones?
Ultrasound imaging can be used to diagnose soft tissue problems and to perform pre-natal scans of a foetus. The waves are reflected off the different tissue boundaries and the echoes produce an image on a screen.
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What else is ultrasound capable of?
Ultrasound can show things changing and moving, so can investigate problems with blood flow, particularly in the heart and liver.
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What is radiation?
Radiation is energy that originates from a source.
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Explain the intensity of radiation.
The intensity of radiation decreases as the distance from the source increases - so the further away you are the less there is.
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What else does the intensity of radiation depend on?
It also depends on the medium that the radiation is passing through. Usually, the denser the medium, the more radiation will be absorbed, therefore decreasing it's intensity.
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How do you work out the intensity of radiation?
Intensity = Power divided by Area. The units are W/m^2.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What are X-rays used for?
Back
X-rays are high energy electromagnetic waves that get absorbed by dense materials like bone and metal. Radiographers use X-rays to take photographs of bones. X-rays are ionising, so there is always a health risk.
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