Medical Applications of Physics GCSE AQA

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What is an X-Ray?
A wave on the electromagnetic spectrum around the size of an atom?
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True or False? An X-Ray is ionising.
True
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How do X-Rays affect photographic film?
In the same way as light.
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What is a CT scan?
A person is inserted into a tube which rotates around them emitting X-Rays at every angle, it is then connected to a CCD which converts the rays into light so we can see detailed 3D image on a screen
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What can someone do if they work with X-rays on a regular basis?
Stand behind a lead shield and wear a film badge so a worker can tell if they have had too high a dose
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What does the lens do?
Focuses the light rays
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What is the cornea?
Something in front of the lens which allows the light rays to go through
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What is the Iris?
This controls the amount of light let into the eye
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What is the pupil?
This lets the light in
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What do the ciliary muscles do?
Controls the shape of the lens
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Where are all the images focused in the eye?
retina
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Why might someone be short sighted?
The lens cannot focus the light properly or their eyeball is too long
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Why might someone have long sight?
A short eyeball or the lens cannot focus properly
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What type of lens will someone use if they are short sighted?
Diverging/concave which spreads out the light
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What type of lens will someone use if they are long sighted?
Convex/converging lens which focuses the light
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What controls the light let in a camera?
Apurture
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Where does the light focus in a camera?
Film or CCD
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How is the focus achieved in a camera?
By varying the lens position
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What image is formed on the retina of an eye and film of a camera?
The image is real, inverted and diminished
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What is sound?
Vibrations that humans can hear
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How can we measure sound?
Frequency measured in Hz (vibrations per second)
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What is the range of sound that humans can hear?
20Hz to 20,000Hz
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What is it referred to if a frequency is more than humans can hear?
ultrasound
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How can a ultrasound scanner work?
A transducer produces and detects ultrasound waves, this is linked to a screen to show the pictures. The sound waves are partially reflected at different media (density) the transducer then measures the time and each distance can be worked
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In reference to ultrasound, how can we work out the distance?
S = V x T where S is distance in metres, V is speed in m/s and T is time in seconds
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How can ultrasound be used in medicine?
Prenatal scanning and also treating kidney stones (breaking it up until it is small enough to be removed)
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

True or False? An X-Ray is ionising.

Back

True

Card 3

Front

How do X-Rays affect photographic film?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is a CT scan?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What can someone do if they work with X-rays on a regular basis?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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