MEDIA STUDIES REVISION

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Anchorage
how meaning is fixed, as in how a caption fixes the meaning of a picture
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Audience
viewers, listeners and readers of a media text. A lot of media studies are concerned with how audience use texts and the effects a text may have on them.
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Binary Oposites
the way opposites are used to create interest in media texts - Such as good/bad, coward/hero, youth/age, black/white.
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Code
a sign or convention through which the media communicates meaning to us because we have learned to read it.
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Technical Codes
all to do with the way a text is technically constructed - Camera angles, framing, typography, lighting etc.
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Visual Codes
codes that are decoded on a mainly connotation level - things that draw on our experience and understanding of other media texts
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Iconography
which is concerned with the use of visual images and how they trigger the audience’s expectations of a particular genre, such as a knife in slasher horror films
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Consumer
purchaser, listener, viewer or reader of media products.
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Context
time, place or mind-set in which we consume media products.
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Conventions
the widely recognized way of doing things in particular genre.
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Denotation
the everyday or common sense meaning of a sign
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Connotation
the secondary meaning that a sign carries in addition to its everyday meaning.
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Diegetic Sound
Sound whose source is visible on the screen Non Diegetic sound – Sound effects, music or narration which is added afterwards
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Enigma
A question in a text that is not immediately answered and creates interest for the audience – a puzzle that the audience has to solve.
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Feminism
the struggle by women to obtain equal rights in society
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Gaze
the idea that the way we look at something, and the way somebody looks at you, is structured by the way we view the world.
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Genre
the type or category of a media text, according to its form, style and content.
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Hypodermic Needle Theory
the idea that the media can ‘inject’ ideas and messages straight into the passive audience. This passive audience is immediately affected by these messages.
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Ideology
set of ideas or beliefs which are held to be acceptable by the creators of the media text.
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Image
a visual representation of something
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Media Language
the means by which the media communicates to us and the forms and conventions by which it does so.
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Media Product
a text that has been designed to be consumed by an audience. E.G a film, radio show, newspaper etc.
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Mise En Scene
literally ‘what’s in the shot’ everything that appears on the screen in a single frame and how this helps the audience to decode what’s going on.
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Mode Of Address
The way a media product ‘speaks’ to its audience. In order to communicate, a producer of any text must make some assumptions about an intended audience
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Montage
putting together of visual images to form a sequence.
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Moral Panic
is the intensity of feeling stirred up by the media about an issue that appears to threaten the social order such as against Muslims after 9/11
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Narrative Code
The way a story is put together within a text
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Non Verbal Communication
communication between people other than by speech.
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Ownership
who produces and distributes the media texts – and whose interest it is.
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Propaganda
the way ruling classes use the mass media to control or alter the attitudes of others.
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Reader
a member of the audience, someone who is actively responding to the text.
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Representation
The way in which the media ‘re-presents’ the world around us in the form of signs and codes for audiences to read.
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Shot
single image taken by a camera.
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Sign
a word or image that is used to represent an object or idea.
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Signifier/signified
the ‘thing’ that conveys the meaning, and the meaning conveyed. E.g. a red rose is a signifier, the signified is love
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Stereotype
representation of people or groups of people by a few characteristics e.g. hoodies, blondes
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Still
static image.
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Sub-genre
a genre within a genre.
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Uses And Gratifications
ideas about how people use the media and what gratification they get from it. It assumes that members of the audience are not passive but take an active role in interpreting and integrating media into their own lives.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

viewers, listeners and readers of a media text. A lot of media studies are concerned with how audience use texts and the effects a text may have on them.

Back

Audience

Card 3

Front

the way opposites are used to create interest in media texts - Such as good/bad, coward/hero, youth/age, black/white.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

a sign or convention through which the media communicates meaning to us because we have learned to read it.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

all to do with the way a text is technically constructed - Camera angles, framing, typography, lighting etc.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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