What did Greenberg find about prosocial acts in TV? (AO1)
= Equivalent amount of prosocial to antisocial acts in one hour.
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What did Woodward find about exposure to prosocial behaviour? (AO2)
Children may not be exposed to prosocial TV. Preschool US TV - 77% prosocial act. Under 17s - 20% prosocial act. Younger children exposed to more TV.
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What other media did Mares talk about having a prosocial effect and what was said? (AO1)
Stories have effect. e.g Snow white. If fond of reading stories more than once reinforces messages.
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What is a criticism of other sources of prosocial behaviour. (AO2)
Computer software, and internet is important source of entertainment for children . It may not focus on prosocial content.
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Explain parental mediation. (AO1)
Despite increase in children who watch TV, Still those who watch with parents. PM recognised in BBC - "Watch with mothers."
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What did Austin say Parental mediation needed to included (AO1)
Effective mediation = Discussing material - Following concepts - Explain ambiguous or disturbing content.
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How does Sesame Street support Parental Mediation? (AO2)
Prosocial messages in mind. Aimed at innercity. BUT higher class were effected more - due to PM. HC have more time to watch TV with parents.
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Explain Social Learning. (AO1)
Learn by observation. immitate behaviour. Prosocial on TV more likely to represent social norms. = reinforce social norms rather than contrast them. More likely to be rewarded for imitating prosocial.
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What did MAres and Woodward find about Social Learning on prosocial behaviour? (AO2)
looked at 1 shot exposure--> children more effected when shown steps. e.g someone donating tokens. They can remember concrete facts rather than abstract ones.
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Explain Developmental factors. Eisenberg (AO1)
skills linked with prosocial behaviour (moral reasoning) develop throughout childhood. SO.. expect developmental differences in degree to which different aged kids are influenced. SO... Younger = less affected than older.
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What did Mares find about Developmental factors. (AO2)
Meta analysis. = less effective in adolecsents. Younger spend more time watching but are more fascinated so pay more attention. Adolescents use TV as entertainment not a learning process.
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What did Kunkel find about violent acts in TV? (AO1)
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