MEASURES OF DEVELOPMENT

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What is development?
- The progress in economic growth, use of technology and improving welfare that a country has made. - When a country develops, peoples' quality of life improves (e.g. wealth, health + safety).
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What is the development gap?
- The difference in development between more and less developed countries.
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Gross national income (GNI)
- The total value of goods + services produced by a country in a year, including income from overseas. - Often given in US$. - Measure of wealth. - As a country develops, it gets higher.
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GNI per head
- The GNI divided by the pop. of a country. - Often given in US$. - A.k.a. GNI per capita. - Measure of wealth. - As a country develops, it gets higher.
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Gross domestic product (GDP)
- The total value of goods and services a country produces in a year. - Often given in US. - Measure of wealth. - As a country develops, it gets higher.
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Birth rate
- The no. of live babies born per thousand of the pop. per year. - Measure of women's rights. - As a country develops, it gets lower.
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Death rate
- The no. of deaths per thousand of the [op. per year. - Measure of health. - As a country develops, it gets lower.
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Infant mortality rate
- The no. of babies who die under 1 year old, per thousand babies born. - Measure of health. - As a country develops, it gets lower.
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People per doctor
- The average no. of people for each doctor. - Measure of health. - As a country develops, it gets lower.
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Literacy rate
- The percentage of adults who can read and write. - Measure of education. - As a country develops, it gets higher.
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Access to safe water
- The percentage of people who can get clean drinking water. - Measure of health. - As a country develops, it gets higher.
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Life expectancy
- The average age a person can expect to live to. - Measure of health. - As a country develops, it gets higher.
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Human development index (HDI)
- A number that is calculated using life expectancy, literacy rate, education level (e.g. average no. of yrs of schooling) and income per head. - Every country has an HDI value between 0 (least developed) and 1 (most developed).
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Why can individual indicators be misleading?
- If individual indicators are used on their own they can be misleading because as a country develops, some aspects develop more than others - its might seem that a country is more developed than it actually is.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is the development gap?

Back

- The difference in development between more and less developed countries.

Card 3

Front

Gross national income (GNI)

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

GNI per head

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Gross domestic product (GDP)

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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