MB1 - Genes and Evolution Definitions 0.0 / 5 ? PsychologyVisual SystemUniversityNone Created by: Psych951Created on: 10-05-18 09:43 Genotype Complete specific genetic makeup of an individual - The limits of our development 1 of 31 Phenotype Observable characteristics caused by interaction of genes and the environment 2 of 31 Chromosome Double-stranded tightly coiled molecules of DNA 3 of 31 Gene Biological unit of heredity made up of nucleotides - Carry instructions for the expression of functions and characteristics 4 of 31 Allele Alternative forms of the same gene to produce variation within a population 5 of 31 Biological Genetics Study of how hereditary and environmental factors influence psychological characteristics 6 of 31 Degree of Relatedness How many genes two people share - How closely related they are 7 of 31 Degree of Concordance How much co-occurence of characteristics there are between two people 8 of 31 Heritability co-efficients Extent to which a variation in a phenotypic characteristic within a group can be attributed to genetic causes 9 of 31 Shared and Unshared Environment Shared are when members experience common features and unshared is unique individual experiences 10 of 31 Epigenetics Environmental factors have a direct effect on chemicals in the body, interfering with gene expression 11 of 31 Reaction Range The possibilities for characteristics allowed by our genes 12 of 31 Self-Selection of Compatible Environments Seeking out conditions in which our genetic potential can thrive/be reached 13 of 31 Genetic Manipulation Duplicate or modify the structure of genes to alter functioning 14 of 31 Genetic Screening Produces information about an individuals genetic code, usually involving genetic counselling to understand the implications of what may be found 15 of 31 Evolution A change over time in the frequency of particular genes and characteritcis 16 of 31 Mutations Random events during gene reproduction during division of cells that drives evolution 17 of 31 Natural Selection Characteristics that increase survival and so are more likely to be passed on to the next generation and become more common in the species 18 of 31 Evolutionary Noise Traits that may not be relevant to survival all the time 19 of 31 Adaptations Physical or behavioural changes that allow an organisms to meet it's environmental needs 20 of 31 Kin Selection Do things to help our children survive and preserve our genes 21 of 31 Reciprocal Altruism Help others in the hope that they will return the favour to you or a relative to preserve your genes 22 of 31 Evolutionary Psychology Human nature i the expression of inborn biological tendencies that arise due to evolution 23 of 31 Inherited Behavioural Adaptations Traits that organisms are born with that help survival and reproduction 24 of 31 Fixed Action Pattern Unlearned behaviour automatically triggered by particular releasing stimuli 25 of 31 Sexual Strategies Theory Mating preferences are a reflection of inherited tendencies that were responsive to adaptive problems 26 of 31 Social Structure Theory Mating preferences are learnt through social roles which are passed on to our children - Biological and environmental interaction 27 of 31 'The Big Five' 5 personality traits that seem to be universal and have helped survival and reproduction 28 of 31 Strategic Pluralism Multiple, even contradictory, behavioural strategies that may be adaptive in specific environments and so are all preserved 29 of 31 Circular Reasoning People think that because trait is evident now it must be because of evolution 30 of 31 Genetic Determinism Stating that genes produce all and unavoidable behaviours 31 of 31
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