Matters of the Heart

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  • Created by: Jenna k
  • Created on: 02-03-14 13:36
How many chambers are there in the Heart?
Four
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Name the Four chambers in the Heart.
Left and Right artium and left and right ventrical
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Where are the atriums?
top
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where are the ventriacls?
bottom
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Name the types of blood vessels.
Artery, vein and cappillery
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What blood vessel carries blood to the heart?
Superior and Inferior vena cave
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what carries blood from the heart to the lungs?
Pulmonary artery
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what caries blood form the lucngs to the heart?
Plmonary vein
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What carries blood form the heart to the body
Aorta
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What type of blood vessel is the aorta?
Artery
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What is the first valve that the blood passes through in the heart?
Tricuspis valve
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what is the name of the valve that stops the blood flowing back into the right atrium?
Semi-lunar valve
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What valve acts between the left artrium and ventrical?
Bicuspid valve
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Which side of the heart is larger?
left
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Why is the left side of the heart larger?
It pumps blood all the way around the body at a high pressure.
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What is the other name for the Tricuspid valve?
Right Atrioventricular valve
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What divides the heart into two and stops the oxygenated blood mixing with the deoxygenated?
The Septum
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What is another name for the bicuspid valve?
left atrioventricular valve
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What is the function of Tendinous chords?
They prevent the valves from floding back on themselves
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What is the function of the Papillary muscles?
Their function is to increase the tension of the tendinous chords so they can resit the back pressure of the blood.
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What is the correct term for a heart contraction (beat)?
Myogenic contractions
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What is the meaning od Distole?
Relax
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What is the meaning of systole?
contract
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Explain the function of the Sinostrial node.
This is the pacemaker. It has its own inherant rhythm of contractions and sets the pace for the rest of the cardiac muscle.
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How does the Sinostrial node carry out its function?
It creats cardiac impulses what stimulate the ventricals to contract.
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where is the cardiac impulse delayed?
at the atrioventricular spetum
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what is the function of the atrioventricular node
Its function is to relay the impulse form the AV node to the ventricels.
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What is the function of the atrioventricular septum?
Its function is to delay the cardiac impluse
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How is the Atrioventricular septum suited to its function
It is a layer of non-conducting connective tissue that slow the current becasue of the few conduction electrons that are available to pass on the impulse.
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What happens if the SA node mulfunctions?
The AV node will pick up the pace but it will be slower as the AV nodes inheent rhythm is slower than the SA nodes.
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What happens after the AV node relays the impulse?
The impluse travels to the Buldle of His.
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what is the structure of the Bundle of His?
It consists of small fibres that run through the atrioventricular septum.
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What is the function of the bundle of His?
To make the ventrical contract instantaneously.
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How do you work out cardiac output?
Stroke volume x heart rate
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What is heart rate?
number of times the heart beats in a minute
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What is Stroke volume?
the volume of blood pumped out of the heart in each heart beat.
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What is an anthroma?
It is a build up of what blood cells that take on Low Density Lipoproteins that basically create a fatty layer in the arteries. This is called Atheromatous plaque.
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What can an undiscovered atheromatuous plaque cause?
Thrombosis , aneurysma and myocardial infarction.
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What is a thrombosis?
When the anthroma brakes the wall of the artery it can casue a rough surface which can casue a blood clot to form. This thrombis can reduce blood flow and suppy to areas beyond the clot causeing oxygen deprivation.
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What is an Aneurysm?
If the thrombus weakes the wall it can make it very thin whcih can bulge and fill with blood. If they burst they can cause a huge amount of blood loss, internal bleeding and hemorrhageing, which are likely to lead to death.
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What is a myocardial infarction?
This is a really posh name for a heart attack, which is casued by oxygen deprvation to the cardiac muscle casueing damage or death to the heart, thus affecting is ability to function properly.
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What are the risk factors associated with coronary heart disease?
Smoking, high blood pressure, blood cholesterol and diet.
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Name one substance that smokers take in that affect our risk of heart disease?
Carbon monoxide binds easily to heamoglobin to form carboxyheamaglobin which raises blood pressure and reduce the amount of oxygen that can bind with the heamoglobin reducing the amount that can get to the cardiac muscel.
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Name another substance that smokers take in that affect our risk of heart disease?
Nicotine increase the amount of adrelinline produced which increase heart rate and blood pressure.
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Why does high blood pressure increase the risk of heart disease?
High blood pressure puts strain on the artery walls as the pressure is higher than normal, this increase the risk of a thrombus or anthroma. Also the arteries would be come think and stronger to deal with the extra pressure which would limit flow.
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Why does blood cholesterol increase the risk of heart disease?
Increase the amount of High and Low density lipoproteins in the blood stream that could build up into a athermatous plaque casueing an anthroma etc.
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Why does diet affect the risk of heart disease?
High levels of salt raise blood pressure and high levels of saturated fat icnrease the amount of low-density lipoproteins in the bloof stream.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Name the Four chambers in the Heart.

Back

Left and Right artium and left and right ventrical

Card 3

Front

Where are the atriums?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

where are the ventriacls?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Name the types of blood vessels.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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