maternal deprivation and the ROMANIAN Orphans

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  • Created by: floberry1
  • Created on: 18-05-17 16:39
what is the presence of a mother figure critical for?
the development of normal intellectual and emotional skills
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what is the difference between separation and deprivation
separation is when the infant isn't in the presence of their carer whereas deprivation is when they're missing an element of care from their lives as a whole
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wha happens to the child if they experience maternal deprivation within the critical period
they suffer from psychological damage
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how is impaired intellectual development characterised
through a low IQ score
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what is affectionless psychopathy
the inability to feel guilt or affection for others
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what is affectionless psychopathy associated with?
crime
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what did bowlby's 44 thieves study look at?
the relationship between theft and maternal deprivation
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who were the participants?
44 teenage boys who had been accused of theft
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had all of them suffered from maternal deprivation?
no, only some of them. the control group contained emotionally disturbed teens
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how many of them were thought to be affectionless psychopaths?
14/44
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and how many of those had suffered prolonged separation or maternal deprivation at childhood?
12/14
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what was drawn as a conclusion from the study?
that maternal deprivation caused affectionless psychopathy
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what is wrong with the 'supporting evidence'?
all of the children studied had had previous traumatic experiences so its had to say that it was the separation that cause the emotional issues over the experiences they had faced
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why should the critical period not be called that but the sensitive period?
because some people who suffer severe deprivation even during that phase can turn out alright; if they receive good aftercare.
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what other studies support the idea of maternal deprivation?
animal studies e.g. harlows monkeys or levy's rats
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what is the difference between deprivation and privation?
deprivation is when you are separated from an attachment which has already been made whereas privation is when you don't even form one in the first place
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what is institutionalisation
the effects of living in an institution.
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when were the romanian orphan studies carried out?
1990's
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why were so many children put into orphanages?
because their parents were forced to have more children than they could afford due to government policy
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who studied the romanian orphans that were adopted into england?
RUTTER
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what was the procedure?
the childrens IQ levels were assessed at different ages after adoption
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what were the findings in those who had been adopted before the age of 6 months?
their IQ scores averaged 102 - fairly normal
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and for those adopted between 6 months and 2 years?
their IQ was low at 86
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and those after 2 years?
their IQ was abnormally low at 77 and the attachment type changed. they had a lot of disinhibited attachment.
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what did zeanah do?
studied 95 children between the ages of 12-31 months who had lived in institutional care for 90%+ of their lives
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how was their attachment type assessed?
using the strange situation
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what was the control group?
50 children who had never been institutionalised
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how did their attachment types vary?
of the control group; 74% were securely attached whereas only 19% of orphans were. + orphans were 65% disorganised attachments
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what is one of the most common outcomes of being institutionalised?
having disinhibited attachment.
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how does rutter explain disinhibited attachment?
as the result of having multiple caregivers through infancy
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what good has come of studying the romanian orphans?
it has given us good real life understanding of the effects of institutionalisation which has allowed us to improve institutions which raise kids
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what else is good about the romanian orphan studies?
they have fewer extraneous variables because with previous orphan studies; the children were there because they had experienced trauma
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what are the methodological issues of the romanian orphan studies?
the children being studied were not randomly assigned to adoption and therefore they may have been adopted because they were friendly
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what is the difference between separation and deprivation

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separation is when the infant isn't in the presence of their carer whereas deprivation is when they're missing an element of care from their lives as a whole

Card 3

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wha happens to the child if they experience maternal deprivation within the critical period

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Card 4

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how is impaired intellectual development characterised

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Card 5

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what is affectionless psychopathy

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