The increase in length of an object when a tensile force is exerted on it.
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Tensile forces
Equal and opposite forces acting on a material to stretch it.
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Compressive forces
2 or more forces acting together that reduce the length or volume of an object.
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Tensile deformation
A change in shape of an object due to tensile forces.
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Compressive deformation
A change in the shape of an object due to compressive forces.
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Force-extentsion graph
A graph of force against extension with the area underneath equal to the work done on the material.
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Elastic limit
The value of stress beyond which elastic deformation becomes plastic and the material will no longer return to its original shape when force is removed.
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Elastic deformation
A reversable change in the shape of an object due to a compressive or tensile force (removal of force will return object to original state).
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Plastic deformation
An irreversible change in the shape of an object due to a compressive/tensile force (removal of force produces permanent deformation).
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Hooke's Law
The force applied is directly proportional to the extension of teh spring unless the limit of proportionality is exceeded.
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Force constant
A quantity determined by diving force by extension of an object that obeys Hooke's law (in Nm-1)
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Elastic potential energy
The energy stored in an object because of its deformatiion.
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Hysteresis loop
A loop shaped plot obtained when loading and unloading a material produces different deformations.
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Tensile stress
The force per unit cross-sectional area (in Pa).
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Tensile strain
The extension per unit length.
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Ductile
Property of an object that has a large plastic region in a stress-strain graph.
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Limit of proportionality
The value of stress or force beyond which stress is no longer directly porportional to strain.
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Yield points
A point on a stress-strian graph beyond which the deformation is no longer enturely elastic.
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Ultimate tensile strength
The maximum stress that a material can withstand before it breaks.
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Young modulus
The ratio of tensile stress to tensile strain when these quantities are directly proportional to each other (in Pa).
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Brittle
Property of a material that does not show plastic deformation and deforms very little under high stress.
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Polymeric
A material that is composed of long-chain molecules (e.g rubber) which show large strains.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Equal and opposite forces acting on a material to stretch it.
Back
Tensile forces
Card 3
Front
2 or more forces acting together that reduce the length or volume of an object.
Back
Card 4
Front
A change in shape of an object due to tensile forces.
Back
Card 5
Front
A change in the shape of an object due to compressive forces.
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