According to OFCOM, what percentage of of homes had digital TV?
96%
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What did Bauman find out about the New York times?
That one copy contained more informtion than someone in the 18th century would get in a lifetime
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What has the media become an agent of?
Secondary Socialisation
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What does the laws of Libel/Slander do?
Prevent people from writing or saying anything that is untrue
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What did IPSO replace?
The PCC
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How do governments influence the media?
Off the record briefings, official press conferences, spindoctors, refusal to issue contracts, blocking internet software, survailence of emails
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What percentage of the UK newspaper industry does Murdock own?
32%
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What did Bagdikian find?
That the US media is concentrated in the hands of just 7 companies
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What is Vertical Integration?
Is when one company owns several of the same medium,e.g. Murdock owning all the newspapers
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What is Horizontal Integration?
cross media ownership - when owners own several media mediums,e.g Tv, magazines and games
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What is Global Conglomeration?
When media conglomerates operate globally
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What is Synergy?
When a media product is produced in several different forms,e.g A film, book and action figure
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What is technological convergence?
When you combine many media technologies into one,e.g Iphones acting as a phone and a MP3
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What do Instrumentalist Marxists say about media ownership?
That media owners have direct control, journalists self censor to keep their jobs, e.g. Murdock speaking in favour of Iraq war and all his newspapers agreeing
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What do hegemonic Marxists say about media ownership?
That owners do not have direct control but journalists generally publish their ideology because of similar social charteristics?
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What do Pluralists say about Media ownership?
That the only control is consumer choice, media is so broad, it gives people what they want to make profits.
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What is the defence and security media advisory notice?
Issued by the government so journalists don't publish defence information which is damaging to national security
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What are Lister's 5 characteristic of the New Media?
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