6. "Crime is a rational response to capitalism and is found in all classes" according to who?
Gordon (1976)
Reiman (2001)
Chambliss (1975)
Snider (1993)
7. Althusser criticises traditional Marxists as the superstructure is more complicated, there are repressive state apparatuses that force us to behave ideological state apparatuses that control us through ideology. What viewpoint does Althusser have?
Postmodernist.
Functionalist
Neo-Marxist
Subcultural theorist
8. The superstructure reinforces the...
Base.
Media attitudes.
Minorstructure.
Family.
9. New Criminologists aim to combine ideas from...
Left realism (unequal capitalism) and Marxism (revolutions)
Functionalism (how the family affects crime) and Marxism (capitalism leads to new crime)
Traditional Marxism (unequal wealth and power to enforce laws) and Interactionism (effects of labels)
Interactionism (observations prove crime) and Postmodernism (modern day services means more crime)
10. Taylor et al's theory on how crime develops has 6 aspects. Which is not one of those?
Investigate the act itself
Investigate the cost of damges due to the act
Investigate the effects of labelling
Investigate the wider origins of the act
Investigate the wider origins of social reaction
Investigate the immediate origins of social reaction
Investigate the immediate origins of the act
11. Pearce: laws that appear to benefit the w/c even though they benefit the ruling class are known as what?
The glass ceiling.
Fake laws.
Ideological functioning laws.
Demonstrations of exploitation.
12. Left realists accuse other sociologists for not doing what?
Taking crime seriously
Finding the main reason for why w/c commit crime
Being deterministic
Helping the victims of crime
13. Taylor et al differ from traditional Marxists, as they take a more ____________ view.
Voluntaristic
Deterministic
Ecocentric
Ethnocentric
14. Traditional marxists say that social order is maintained through...
Materialistic oppression and consumerism.
Capitalism and false class consciousness.
Stabilisation of adult personalities.
A lack of primary socialisation.
15. Left realists believe that right realist criem prevention methods treat syptoms of crime, rather than the causes e.g.
Aggression
Anger
Unemployment
Class
16. Left realists believe that educational programs should be introduced in inner-city comprehensive schools, minimum pay legislation should be introduced to reduce welfare dependency, and there should be more investment in...
Ammenities such as transport or surgeries
Poorer communities
Surveillance
Playstation 4 consoles
17. Reiman: selective enforcement means that police arrest powerless groups, such as...
The mafia.
The media.
The working class.
The ruling class.
18. Which of these is NOT a modern example of traditional Marxism?
Japanese tsunami.
Hatfield Train Crash: Balfour Beatty
Google's tax avoidance.
Qatar 2022 World Cup bribery scandal.
19. Feminists criticise Taylor et al's theory for focusing on male criminality and therefore being...
Discriminatory.
Gender blind.
Sexist.
Masculine frozen.
20. Left realism developed for two reasons. The need to take rising crime more seriously while producing solutions, and...
To ensure that crime was dealt with and punished immediately
Because of the need to address issues outside of crime
Because of the large influence of right realism on the government
