Making of Modern Britain 1951-1979

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  • Created by: gemma1310
  • Created on: 21-05-16 14:25
Where did a ship come from in 1948 where immigrants were warmly weclomed?
Jamiaca (West Indian workers)
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What were the results of the 1951 election?
Conservative: 48% 321 seats ; Labour: 48.8% 295 seats
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What year was the Education Act, who passed it and what was it
1944, R.A. Butler, made free education compulsory (tripartite system)
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What was the Marshall Plan?
America loaned money to Western Europe to help rebuild their economies
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How many houses did the Tories set out to build and how many did they build in 1952-53?
300,000 - actually built 318,750 (354,000 by 1954, and 1.7 million by 1964)
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What did the housing subsidy increase from/to in 1952?
£22 to £35
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Who was the hero of housing?
MacMillan
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Education was neglected behind housing and defence. Florence Horsborough saved money in odd areas of education. What was said about her?
"There is the face that sunk a thousand scholarships."
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What year did rationing end?
1954
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By how much did Churchill cut ministerial wages? (they should make sacrifices)
20%
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What BOP did the Tories inherit?
£700 million deficit
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What was the BOP by 1952?
£259 million surplus (maintained surplus until 1955)
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When were interest rates cut and raised? (Keynesian)
Cut: 1952 and 53, raised 1954 and 55
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When was the first purpose-built school built?
1954
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What did the number of uni students fall to in 1954?
82,000
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What were the results of the 1955 election?
Conservatives: 49.7% 344 seats ; Labour: 46.4% 277 seats (majority of 70)
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Why was Eden called 'a man in a hurry'?
He had waited years as foreign secretary under Churchill to be PM (and Churchill's main focus was foreign affairs so he never had his spotlight)
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What year was the Suez Crisis?
1956
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Why was Butler's 1955 budget a bad idea?
The economy was already expanding so it was being overheated. He tried to restrict hire purchase and lower house subsidies but this obviously was unpopular.
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What was the wage increase for men 1951-1961?
£8.30-£15.35 (to £18.35 in 1964)
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Name some consumer goods that increased in popularity and why lower classes could buy them
TVs, washing machines, fridges (because of hire purchase)
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Why did the Conservatives maintain their dominance despite the Suez Crisis?
Living standards were still rising
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Butler (now MacMillan's Home sec) introduced which act that showed they were prepared to change traditional social attitudes?
Homicide Act 1957
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Who were MacMillan's Chancellors of the Exchequer?
Thorneycroft, Heathcote, Lloyd, Maulding
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What was the BOP in 1964?
£800 million deficit
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What was the GDP growth rate in UK compared to the rest of Western Europe?
The lowest: UK 2.3%, France 4.3%, Italy 5.6% (because of high defence expenditure)
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What year was MacMillan's 'never had it so good' speech?
1957
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Sales of private cars increased from what to what?
1.5million to 5.5million
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Rent Act 1957
6 million properties on the market (increased rent but it was easy to borrow money)
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Unemployment rates increased?
1951: 367,000 1963: 878,000
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Robbins Report 1963
Expand existing unis, larger grants (encourage more to go), emphasis on sciences
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Unemployment rates 1951-63?
1951 367,000; 1958 536,000; 1963 878,000
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What was the outflow and inflow in 1960-9 compared to 1940-9?
1940-9: O - 590,000 I - 240,000 1960-9: O - 1,916,000 I - 1,243,000 (larger outflow than inflow but people still blamed immigrants for job shortages)
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What year was the Notting Hill riot and how many white males battered their way into white-owned properties?
1958 - 600 white males
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What year was the Commonwealth Immigration Act and what did it aim and cause
1962 - aimed to limit immigration, but caused an influx of immigrants before this came into force
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Who opposed this?
Labour opposed it but brought an Immigration Act in when they were in power in 1968
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When did MacMillan grant independence to those who wanted it?
1957-1968
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Why did he give independence?
Britain was financially a net loser (paid India's war cost)
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What was the Common Agricultural Policy? (CAP)
Provided farmers with guaranteed prices regardless of demand (so meant contraversially high prices for consumer)
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Why did they initially reject then reconsider the EEC?
It would undermine their independence but they weren't growing as fast (economically) and Suez Crisis had put a ? on the Anglo-American relationship
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When did de Gaulle first veto?
1963
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Name some scandals in 1963
John Vassall (caught spying for USSR), Argyll Divorce case (duke of Argyll divorcing wife and releasing details), Profumo Affair (minister of war having an affair with Keeler - also having an affair with a Russian embassy member)
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MacMillan resigned and recommended Alec Douglas-Home (renounced his peerage) to keep who away?
Butler
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Who wouldn't serve under Home's name?
Iain Macleod and Enoch Powell
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Who was a gifted politician but died in 1963 before he could go for PM?
Gaitskell
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What propaganda phrase prevented Labour winning the 1959 election
"Life is better with Conservatives. Don't let Labour ruin it"
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What did Conservative majority go to after 1959 election?
From 58 to 100
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Why did Labour win 1964?
Electorate wanted a change after 13 years, Wilson was more youthful than Home, scandals, GB failing internationally, 800,000 unemployed by 1963 (never had it so good?)
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How much did Britain spend on defence compared to Japan?
34.5% compared to 0.9% (they didn't spend enough on industry)
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What year was the National Plan and what did it say?
1964 - aimed at increasing industrial production and exports but too expensive so forgotten by 1967
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Wilson called an election in 1966 - what were the results?
Labour: 13million (47.9%), 363 seats. Conservative: 11million (41.9%), 253 seats
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What year was Devaluation and what was sterling devalued to?
$2.80-$2.40 (1967)
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Overall deficit 1964-1968
Surplus in 1969
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How many strikes and days lost in 1951 and 1970?
1951: 1,719 strikes, 1.7million days lost. 1970: 3,906 strikes, 11 million days lost
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What year was 'In Place of Strife'?
1969
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What were the results of the 1951 election?

Back

Conservative: 48% 321 seats ; Labour: 48.8% 295 seats

Card 3

Front

What year was the Education Act, who passed it and what was it

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What was the Marshall Plan?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How many houses did the Tories set out to build and how many did they build in 1952-53?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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