Making and Secreting a Protein

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Where are the coded instructions for a protein such as insulin?
In genes on the chromatin in the nucleus.
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The gene is trans______ onto a length of m___.
The gene is TRANSCRIBED onto a length of mRNA.
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What happens after the gene is transcribed onto the mRNA?
Many copies of the mRNA are made and the pass out of the pores of the nuclear envelope to the ribosomes.
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What happens at the ribosomes?
The instructions are TRANSLATED and the protein molecules (e.g. insulin) are assembled.
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What happens to the protein (e.g. insulin) now that it has been assembled?
They pass into the cisternae of the RER and along the hollow sacs.
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Vesicles with the protein inside are pinched off from the RER, where do they go next and how do they get there?
They pass via microtubules and motor proteins to the Golgi apparatus.
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What happens to the protein molecules at the Golgi apparatus?
The vesicles fuse with the Golgi apparatus where the molecules can be modified for release.
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What happens after they have been modified in the Golgi apparatus?
Vesicles are pinched off from the Golgi apparatus and pass to the plasma membrane.
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What happens at the plasma membrane?
The vesicles and the plasma membrane fuse and the insulin is released to the outside of the cell.
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Define exocytosis.
The bulk transport of molecules that are too large to pass through the cell membrane/ channel or carrier proteins, to the outside of the cell.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The gene is trans______ onto a length of m___.

Back

The gene is TRANSCRIBED onto a length of mRNA.

Card 3

Front

What happens after the gene is transcribed onto the mRNA?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What happens at the ribosomes?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What happens to the protein (e.g. insulin) now that it has been assembled?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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