MAD 2

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Pathogen
Organism capable of causing disease
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Pathogenicity
Ability to cause disease
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Colonisation
Occupation of and multiplication within a niche
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Infection
Colonisation by a pathogen
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Disease
Host state of significant damage
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Carriage
Infection without disease symptoms
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Who invented the germ theory of disease?
Agostino Bassi
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What do Koch's Postulates tell us?
That a given organism is the cause of disease
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Koch's Postulates 1:
Organism must be found in all diseased and absent from all healthy
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Koch's Postulates 2:
Organism should be cultured outside host
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Koch's Postulates 3:
Organism should produce disease in other animals
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Koch's Postulates 4:
Organism should be re-isolated and be identical to original organism
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KP 1 Exception:
Tetanus, remains at site of entry, toxins sent throughout body
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KP 2 Exception:
Unculturable pathogens, eg Treponema pallidum, cause of syphilis
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KP 3 Exception:
Human specific pathogens, eg Neisseria gonorrhoeae
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Importance of normal flora
Occupy niches, suppress pathogen growth
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Infectivity
Number required to cause disease
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ID50
Infectious Dose: Number needed to cause disease in 50% animals
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LD50
Lethal Dose: Number needed to cause death in 50% animals
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Virulence factors
Adherence, Invasion, Toxin production, Nutrient acquisition, Immune system suppression/evasion
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What do molecular koch's postulates tell us?
If a gene/trait contributes to virulence
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MKP 1:
Should be associated with pathogenic more than non pathogenic strains
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MKP 2:
Inactivation should decrease pathogenicity
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MKP 3:
Replacement of mutant with WT gene should restore pathogenicity
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MKP 4:
Should be expressed during the infection process
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MKP 5:
Antibodies against it should protect host
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Pathogenicity

Back

Ability to cause disease

Card 3

Front

Colonisation

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Infection

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Disease

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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