Central Nucleus of the Amygdala, Ventral Striatum + Midbrain, possibly also Orbitofrontal Cortex. Coding value in a valence insensitive way.
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Model-Based Brain Networks
Prefrontal Cortex coding value in valence sensitive way, Hippocampus, Basolateral Amygdala, Ventral Striatum + Midbrain
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Orbitofrontal Cortex
Late developing, very individual cortical area. Activated by nice smells, tastes, artworks etc. The 'liking area of the brain'- evaluates things. Plays a role in encouraging cog. engagement (thinking, remembering, looking)
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Orbitofrontal Cortex
Also codes sensory info, so keeps track of how cues link to outcome identity + context, as well as their value. Contributes to model-free + model-based.PFC region.
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Amygdala
Temporal lobe. Constantly tracks the good and the bad values associated with stimuli. Updating value predictions. Sensitive to aversive and appetitive stimuli. Codes motivational salience: how important is this stimulus? Model-free learning.
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Striatum + Dopaminergic Midbrain
Dopamine is released in phasic bursts by neurons when a reward is obtained (Schulz,2000). After conditioning, dopamine will be released in response to cue. This leads to a motivational state + action will be initiated. The cue has acquired
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Striatum + Dopaminergic Midbrain
incentive salience. Model-free and model-based. Located in midbrain.
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Hippocampus
Located in medial temporal lobe. Needed for developing contextual info, central to model based learning.
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Front
Model-Based Brain Networks
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Prefrontal Cortex coding value in valence sensitive way, Hippocampus, Basolateral Amygdala, Ventral Striatum + Midbrain
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