What are some of the essential functions of lipids in living organisms?
1)Energy store. 2)Electrical insulation of neurones.3)Protection of organs.4)Buoyancy.5)Vitamin D source.6)Waterproofing.7)Membranes.
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Lipids can be fats or oils, what is the difference?
Fats are normally solid at room temperature and made of saturated fatty acids. Oils are liquid at room temperature and made of unsaturated fatty acids.
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Is a lipid a polymer?
No, as the monomers don't form long chains of repeating units.
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What is the name of the largest lipid?
Triglyceride.
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LEARN STRUCTURAL FORMULA OF GLYCEROL.
C(H2OH)C(HOH)C(H2OH).
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LEARN STRUCTURAL FORMULA OF A FATTY ACID.
C(OHOR).
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What are saturated fatty acids?
A fatty acid with no C=C double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain/R group.
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What are unsaturated fatty acids?
A fatty acid with one C=C double bond or more (poly saturated) in the hydrocarbon chain/R group.
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What is condensation?
A type of chemical reaction in which two molecules are joined together by means of a covalent bond to form a larger molecule and at the same time, water is released.
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What joins the hydrocarbons to the glycerol?
Ester bonds.
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When a phosphate group is added to the triglyceride, what does it become?
A phospholipid.
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What are the two parts of a phospholipid?
1)Hydrophilic head. 2)Hydrophobic tail.
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What does hydrophilic mean?
It attracts/ is attracted to water. The phosphate group and glycerol make up the polar head.
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What does hydrophobic mean?
Repel/ are repelled by water. Fatty acid chains are non-polar and make up tail.
1)Formation of steroid hormones, such as testosterone and oestrogen.2)Formation of vitamin D.3)Formation of bile.4)Waterproofing skin.
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Describe the test for lipids.
1)Dissolve sample in ethanol.2)Shake vigorously.3)Add water and shake again.4)Milky white emulsion if lipid is present, clear if not.
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Why would testing milk for lipids be problem?
1)Already white.2)Positive result would be indistinguishable from a negative result.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Lipids can be fats or oils, what is the difference?
Back
Fats are normally solid at room temperature and made of saturated fatty acids. Oils are liquid at room temperature and made of unsaturated fatty acids.
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