6. In terms of lexical constraints- what is whole object assumption?
children learn the whole object before any detail and assume an object has its name due to shape instead of semantic meaning
children learn detail before whole object
children learn words based on sound
children do not learn the names of entire objects
7. At what point do children learn many more words?
50 words
500 words
1000 words
25 words
8. In what instances do children show less of a vocabulary 'spurt'
with siblings
without siblings
9. Why did Ambridge claim nouns are easier to learn than verbs?
because they are used more often in adult language
because they are conceptually easier
because they start with a capital letter
10. What is word organisation based on meaning?
synonyms are acquired through association with different activities and co-occurance with accompanying speech, and associative links between words are an important role in retrieval of information
words are organised based on sound and then associated with meaning
words are organised through syntax cues and word boundaries
11. Why did Gentner claim nouns are easier to learn than verbs?
because they are conceptually easier
because they start with a capital letter
because children hear them more often
12. How is language used with activities?
the child talks during the activities
language serves as an accompaniment to each activity
it isn't
13. How do children learn combinations of words?
adults make the word boundaries unclear
some are already there e.g. compound words
they have to link them in a special part of the brain
they guess eventually
14. How do children work out word meanings?
follow lexical constraints and social cues
use their intuition
15. Explain word organisation by morphological relatedness
patterns are made morphologically involving affixes and/ suffixes then applied to other contexts
the grammatical aspect of words e.g. suffixes hinder the learning of words
16. How many words does a 17 year old learn/ year?
70
10000
1000
50000
17. What is word association by form?
learning of words is aided through the transparency of mapping form to meaning e.g. onomatopoeia
learning of words is hindered by its association to other things e.g. onomatopoeia
learning of words is not affected by transparency of meaning
18. Explain joint attention in terms of lexical constraints
children like being in joint attention with a caregiver
Children who spend more time in joint attentional frames learn more words
children in joint attention frames get more distracted and do not learn new word meanings