the belief that humans have a non physical soul and a physical body and the two are separable
1 of 20
what did plato think the soul helped us to do?
gain knowledge as it remembers the realm of the forms
2 of 20
what did plato say the soul was made up of?
sprit, desire and reason
3 of 20
which was the most important thing to lead the soul? what did plato compare this to?
reason- compared it to a charioteer guiding the spirt and desires
4 of 20
what did plato think the soul recognised from the forms?
beauty and goodness
5 of 20
name a quote from descartes highlighting his view of the soul
"i think therefore i am"
6 of 20
what did plato mean by "i think therefore i am"?
in the process of thinking, it is shown that the 'i' (the soul) exists
7 of 20
what did Ryle say about descartes view of the soul?
it was a category mistake- there is no soul in addition to the body, rather they are the same
8 of 20
what is the soul?
the spiritual, non physical 'part' of a human viewed as the centre of a persons identity
9 of 20
what is materialism?
the belief that humans are only physical
10 of 20
name a materialist
dawkins
11 of 20
what is dawkins view of the soul?
that it does not exist, genes develop self awareness (not the soul) as an evolutionary advantage
12 of 20
what does dawkins believe about life after death?
there is no such thing- our genes are passed on to offspring- this is the only type of life after death
13 of 20
what view did Aristotle take of the soul?
the soul is the formal cause of a human being, it is not separate. the soul is what gives us reason
14 of 20
what materialist solution did hick give to life after death without a soul?
replica theory
15 of 20
briefly outline replica theory
the soul is our character and cannot be separated, but it can survive if God resurrects or replicates our bodies
16 of 20
what example did hick use to explain replica theory?
a man dies in london, but then appears in New York as a replica, he has all the same memories as the man dead in london so is the same person
17 of 20
give three problems with hicks idea
1. is the new body really the same person? 2. presumes an existence of God. 3. how many replicas are possible?
18 of 20
give 2 strengths of dualism
1. accounts of paranormal activity are well documented 2. physical explanations of consciousness are not comprehensive enough
19 of 20
give 2 weaknesses of dualism
1. how can the non physical soul interact with the physical brain? 2. homunculus fallacy- if the soul controls us, is there something controlling it, and so on...
20 of 20
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
what did plato think the soul helped us to do?
Back
gain knowledge as it remembers the realm of the forms
Card 3
Front
what did plato say the soul was made up of?
Back
Card 4
Front
which was the most important thing to lead the soul? what did plato compare this to?
Back
Card 5
Front
what did plato think the soul recognised from the forms?
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