Life, the Universe and Everything

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What are the 8 characteristics of life?
metabolises, responds to stimuli, moves, reproduces, adapts by natural selection, develops, grows and uses energy
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What are the 3 theories for the origin of life?
creation by God, from outer space, elemental combination
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Is the theory that life was created by God intentional or unintentional?
intentional
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Is the theory that life originated from outer space intentional or unintentional?
could be both
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Is the theory that life originated from elemental combination intentional or unintentional?
unintentional
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Who proposed the theory of elemental combination as an explanation for the origin of life?
Miller and Urey
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What is the Neo-Darwinian hypothesis for evolution?
It explains that life depends on genes and accidental and random variation occurs to these, resulting in variation to phenotypes. Cells are part of a gene's phenotype, allowing replication.
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What are the multiple levels of a gene's phenotype?
cells, tissue, organs, organisms, societies
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Which are smaller: prokaryotes or eukaryotes?
prokaryotes
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Are prokaryotes and eukaryotes unicellular or multicellular?
prokaryotes are single cells but can form colonies and eukaryotes are often multicellular.
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What are the differences with the nuclei in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
prokaryotes have no nucleus and eukaryotes do have a nucleus.
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What are the differences with the membrane bound organelles in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
prokaryotes don't have MBOs and eukaryotes do.
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How do prokaryotes divide?
binary fission
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How do eukaryotes divide?
meiosis/mitosis
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What type of DNA do prokaryotes have?
single circular DNA
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What type of DNA do eukaryotes have?
linear DNA
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What are the 7 groups of taxonomic classification?
Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - Species
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What is evolutionary systematics?
It considers evolutionary branching and extent of divergence (structural and others) that occurs on a lineage since it branched from a stem group
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What is cladistic systematics?
Classification based on recency of common ancestry rather than degree of structural similarity, relying on parsimony.
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What is parsimony?
The idea that the simplest explanation is probably the correct one
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What is a cladogram?
a branching diagram illustrating taxonomic relationships based on principles of cladistics
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What is a clade?
each branch of a cladogram
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What is a node?
each branching point, showing the splitting of groups from a common ancestor
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How is a node depicted on a cladogram?
with a circle
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are the 3 theories for the origin of life?

Back

creation by God, from outer space, elemental combination

Card 3

Front

Is the theory that life was created by God intentional or unintentional?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Is the theory that life originated from outer space intentional or unintentional?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Is the theory that life originated from elemental combination intentional or unintentional?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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