Lenin's Russia

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What was the 'sovnarkom'?
the Council of the People's Commissars - it was the main body of government and exclusively made up of Bolsheviks
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What was the sovnarkom's decree on land?
the peasants had the right to take over the estates of the gentry without compensation, land could no longer be bought sold or rented, it belonged to the 'entire people'
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What was the sovnarkom's decree on Workers control?
factory committees were given the right for control of production and finance in workplaces and to 'supervise' management
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What did the Rights of the People of Russia Decree entail?
the right to self determination of the national minorities in the Russian Empire, this was nothing but a paper measure for the Bolsheviks didnt have real control
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When were banks nationalised?
January 1918
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What were Trotsky's greatest strengths?
his organisational ability, personally brave, his energy and passion
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What did Trotsky do to the Red Army?
virtually rebuilt it, he returned to a traditional structure restoring ranks and in that discipline and professionalism, he brought back all Tsarist generals
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How did Trotsky restore discipline to the army?
The death penalty was introduced, old Tsarist Generals families were held a gunpoint to ensure loyalty
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The army drew from 100,000 in early 1918, to...
5 million in 1920
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What did Trotsky do during the Civil War?
travelled on a specially equiped train to where the fighting was at its thickest to provide support and his presence inspired the men
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How did geographical factors ensure a Bolshevik victory in the Civil War?
they held central area, the capital was now Moscow the hub of the railway network, area contained main armament factories, heavily populated, the whites were scattered and broken by great distances so coordinating attacks was difficult
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Why was unity a problem for the whites?
made up of different groups with different beliefs - disjointed in their aim
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Why was the support of the peasants so crucial in winning the war?
they supplied the main body of soldiers for both sides, they were inclined to support the reds as Lenin legitimised their right to land, they wanted to protect the gains of the revolution
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What was War Communism?
all industries became liable to nationalisation without compensation, private trade was banned, grain surplus' were seized from the peasants, steep decline in the use of money
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When did the peasants rebel against grain requisitioning?
1920
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Why was War Communism unsustainable?
the economy was crumbling at the same time Russia was experiencing a massive famine
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What is the estimated death toll at the hands of the Cheka?
300,000
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How did Lenin deal with the problem that the Bolsheviks were inexperienced in government administration and organisation?
the Government Decree set up the organisation of a new government
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What did the peace decree do?
took immediate steps to end the war with Germany and Austria-Hungary, the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk ends Russias part in WWI
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What was the Cheka?
counter revolutionary organisation (secret police)
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What was the sovnarkom's decree on land?

Back

the peasants had the right to take over the estates of the gentry without compensation, land could no longer be bought sold or rented, it belonged to the 'entire people'

Card 3

Front

What was the sovnarkom's decree on Workers control?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What did the Rights of the People of Russia Decree entail?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

When were banks nationalised?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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