LEDC Volcano Case Study: Montserrat 0.0 / 5 ? GeographyPlate tectonicsCase studiesASWJEC Created by: JoHastingsCreated on: 17-02-18 15:46 Capital city of Montserrat Plymouth. 1 of 40 Where was the majority of infrastructure in Montserrat located? In the South of the island. 2 of 40 When did chances peak begin to give off warning signals? What were these signals? 1995. Small earthquakes and eruptions of dust and ash. 3 of 40 When did chances peak erupt? 25th June 1997. 4 of 40 Name an example of volcanic bombs being hurled. Bethel, some rocks were 5 metres in size. 5 of 40 How much of the island was covered by ash? 2/3. 6 of 40 How much dust and ash did the collapsing of the dome produce? 5 million cubic metres. 7 of 40 What percentage of housing was destroyed by the eruption? 60%. 8 of 40 What percentage of agricultural land was destroyed by the eruption? 75%. 9 of 40 Why were the sea port and airport shut down? They were covered in ash. 10 of 40 What happened to water supplies? They were contaminated with ash. 11 of 40 Why did some people suffer from severe burns? They were standing on ash deposits only 1-2cm thick. 12 of 40 Why was marine wildlife destroyed? The sea was poisoned by ash. 13 of 40 What was the effect on air traffic in the Caribbean? It was largely disrupted. 14 of 40 How many people died? Where did they live? 19. Near the volcano. 15 of 40 How many houses were destroyed by the eruption? 100-150. 16 of 40 How many refugees left the island? 8000. 17 of 40 What effect did the eruption have on tourism? A massive effect as unemployment rose from 7% to 80%. 18 of 40 What happened to the population? It fell from 12,000 to 5,000. 19 of 40 What was the effect of the loss of income from industry? The standard of living conditions and quality of life lowered. 20 of 40 What happened when people flocked to the North? Shelters became overcrowded. 21 of 40 What was the effect of the volcano becoming famous? Tourism was gradually boosted. Chances peak is popular with cruise ships. 22 of 40 What was the MVO? The Montserrat Volcano Observatory. 23 of 40 When was the MVO set up? 1996 24 of 40 Why was the MVO set up? To monitor volcanic activity. 25 of 40 What was set up around the volcano? An exclusion zone. 26 of 40 Who was sent in to try and find survivors? The Montserrat police force. 27 of 40 Who was sent in to assist the Emergency Support Unit? Dutch helicopters, French helicopters, British navy. 28 of 40 Why could helicopters only reach the East of the island? Ash in the air created problems with reaching survivors. 29 of 40 In total, how much was provided in financial aid? £41 million. 30 of 40 How much compensation was every adult offered? £2,600. 31 of 40 Why did the compensation cause riots? Because people felt it wasn't enough. 32 of 40 What did the red cross provide? Water, food and shelter. 33 of 40 What was buit in the North? An emergency jetty to allow sea access. 34 of 40 What did the World Society for the Protection of Animals provide? Food and medicine for animals. 35 of 40 A risk map was created. What 3 sections was it split into? Exclusion zone, central zone and Northern zone. 36 of 40 What happened to services in the North afterwards? They gradually expanded. New roads and an airport were built. 37 of 40 How much did the building of new houses and a hospital cost? £56 million. 38 of 40 Why were mortgage schemes introduced? To encourage enterprise and rebuild the economy. 39 of 40 What did Montserrat become dependent on? Food aid. The island used to be self sufficient. 40 of 40
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