Little albert was a baby who was introduced to a ferret and was no afraid but he was conditioned to be afraid by everytime he saw the ferrit it was accompanied by a loud noise which frightened him. when he then saw the ferrit alone he would be afraid
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What is Extinction?
When the conditioned stimulas doesnt have an effect anymore. ie, the bell.
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What is Spontaneous Recovery?
When a responce can come back at anytime.
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What is Generalisation?
If you change the stimulas slightly the outcome is the same. ie, different tone of bell.
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What is Discrimination in relation to conditioning?
Only responds to the origonal stimulas. ie the bell.
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What is Operant Conditioning?
Learning through Consequences.
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What is positive reinforcement?
Strengthens behavour by creating a pleasant consequence..
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What is negative reinforcement?
Strengthens behavour by taking away the unpleasent consequence.
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What is punishment?
Weakens bahavour by creating a unpleasent consequence.
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What is systamatice desensitisation?
Exposure therapy. Gradaully expose the person to the fear following a heirachy and when client is completly comfatable with one level they can move on to the next.
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Name two positives and one negative of Systamatic Desensitiation?
Successful in treating certain phobias. / Few ethical issues as patient has good control./ But is very time consuming
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What is Implosion/Flooding?
The person is confronted with the phobia head on.
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Name one positive and two negatives of implosion/flooding?
Successfull technique which is cheap and fast./ Ethical issues, therapy has complete control. / Not appropriate for children.
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What is Avertion Therapy? and one example?
Stops behavour by conditioning it to something unpleasant. Alcoholics and Antabuse.
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What is behavour shaping?
Used to create a new more desirable behavour.
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What is token economy?
Using reinforcement to change a persons behavour. Desired behavour is rewarded with tokens to exchange for luxuries. ie. anorexics rewarded for eating.
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