Learning: definitions

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  • Created by: ikrolivia
  • Created on: 06-03-16 13:09
Learning
a relatively permanent change in behaviour due to experience
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Extinction
a conditioned response dies out
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Spontaneous recovery
a conditioned response that has disappeared suddenly appears again
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Generalisation
the conditioned response is produced when a similar stimulus to the original conditional stimulus is presented
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Discrimination
the conditioned response is only produced when a specific stimulus is presented
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classical conditioning
a procedure during which an animal or person learns to associate a reflex response with a new stimulus
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classical conditioning schedule
the steps in the procedure to condition a new response
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operant conditioning
learning due to the consequences of behaviour, through positive or negative reinforcement
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law of effect
behaviours that are followed by rewards are usually repeated; those that are punished are not usually repeated
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punishment
a stimulus that weakens behaviour because it's unpleasant and we try to avoid it
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behaviour shaping
changing behaviour in small steps
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positive reinforcement
a reward or pleasant consequence that increases the likelihood that a behaviour will be repeated
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negative reinforcement
when an unpleasant experience is removed after a behaviour has been made. this increases likelihood of that behaviour being repeated.
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Phobia
a persistent & irrational fear of an object, activity or situation.
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flooding
a treatment for phobias that involves the immediate exposure of the person to the feared object, activity or event, until there's no fear response.
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Hierarchy of fears
a series of feared events ranked from least to most fightening
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systematic desensitisation
a treatment for phobias where the person is taught to relax and then is gradually exposed to the feared object, activity or situation.
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aversion therapy
a treatment for addictions which makes the addict have an extremely negative reaction to the addictive substance
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primary reinforcer
a reward that the animal or person needs to survive
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secondary reinforcer
a reward that the animal or person can exchange for a primary reinforcer
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Extinction

Back

a conditioned response dies out

Card 3

Front

Spontaneous recovery

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Generalisation

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Discrimination

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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