language change

?
etymology
orignation of a word or the source it came from
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conservative percriptive
stong attitude against language change
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descriptive perscriptive
attitude is neutral regarding language change
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radical perscriptive
strong attitude supporting language change
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shortening (word formatiom)
chopping off the end of a word
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affixation
adding affixes (prefixes/suffixes) to an exising word
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compounding
2 entire words are stuck together to make a new word
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acronymisation
taking the intial letters of words and making them into a combination pronounceble as a new word
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conversion
changing of a word class
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proper names
when the brand name becomes synonymous with the product itself
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extension/generalisation
widening of a words meaning often by analogy or simplification
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speacialisation/narrowing
the reduction in a words range of meanings, often limiting a generic word to a more specilised use.
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ameiloration
a word looses negative connotations or gains posotive ones
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pejoration
a word develops negative connotations or looses posotive ones.
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potential
stage in word life cycle.a word has practical social needs.
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implementation
stage in the word life cycle. a word is triggered
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diffusion
stage in the word life cycle .when the word spreads through language
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codification
stage in the word life cycle .word is recorded in dictionary
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standardisation
establishing a correct way to use grammar, spelling, word formation.
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connotation
implied meaning or word ascociotation.
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reappropriation
when an offensive word is then used by those it intially offended, in order to loose its negative connotation.
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loan words
when a foreign word is taken and developed by another language
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phase of latinate borrowing (43-410)
roamns leave britain to defend roman empire and leave behind 200 words we still use today.
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phase of latinate borrowing (597 onwards)
missionaries from rome come to england to convert the english to christianity; books in latin.
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phase of latinate borrowing (1066-1399)
norman invasion, french king for 300 years, english population did not speak french.
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phase of latinate borrowing (1476-1650)
time of the renaissance, books in romance language (french/ italinan)
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phase of latinate borrowing (1800-1900)
scintists have been trying to write in english for years, but still stick together latin and greek morphemes to make new words.
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old english
used for 700 years started in the mid 5th century, using the runic alphabet.
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modern english
full of words shakespeare invented, also influsenced by technology and foreign borrowings
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early modern english
developed by shakespeare and his poetry, used from the start of the tudor period untill the english restoration, civil war (political upheval)
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middle english
1150-1500 ended with the arrival of the printing press
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gutenburg
invented first printing press resulted in : mass production of books /info carried over seas
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william caxton
developed the printing press, resulted in standarsation- caxton's problem (had to make sure the language used could be understood by all)
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johnsons dictionay
first sheets printed in 1750 and compleated by 1754
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

stong attitude against language change

Back

conservative percriptive

Card 3

Front

attitude is neutral regarding language change

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

strong attitude supporting language change

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

chopping off the end of a word

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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