Omitting opening syllable in polysyllabic words e.g. 'nana' for 'banana'
9 of 34
Reduplication
Repeating a whole syllable e.g. 'dada', 'mama'
10 of 34
Addition
Adding an extra vowel sound to the end of words - creates CVCV pattern e.g. doggie
11 of 34
Deletion
Omitting first consonant in word e.g. do(g), cu(p)
12 of 34
Assimilation
Changing one vowel or consonant sound for another e.g. 'gog' for 'dog'
13 of 34
Consonant Cluster Reductions
Consonant clusters can be difficult to articulate, so children reduce them to smaller units e.g. 'pider' for 'spider'
14 of 34
Stages Of Children's Grammatical Development
.
15 of 34
One Word/Holophrastic
One word utterance - words behave like a short utterance e.g. 'duck', 'stuck' AGE= 12-18 months
16 of 34
Two Word
Two words combined to create simple syntactical structures -> subject+verb/verb+object e.g. 'that cake', 'daddy coat' AGE= 18-24 months
17 of 34
Telegraphic
3 or more words joined in increasingly accurate & complex orders ->subject+verb+object ->s+v+complement ->s+v+adverbial AGE= 24-36 months
18 of 34
Post-Telegraphic
Increasing awareness of grammatical rules and irregularities -> using 'ran' instead of 'runned' AGE= 36+months
19 of 34
Stages Of Phonological Development
.
20 of 34
Vegetative
Sounds of discomfort or reflexive actions e.g. crying, coughing, burping, sucking AGE= 0-4months
21 of 34
Cooing
Comfort sounds and vocal play using open mouthed vowel sounds e.g. grunts & sighs become vowel like 'coos' ->laughter starts ->hard consonants & vowels produced ->pitch (squeak+growls) and loudness (yells) practiced AGE= 4-7months
22 of 34
Babbling
Repeated patterns of consonant and vowel sounds ->sounds link to own language ->reduplicated sounds (ba-ba) and non-reduplicated (variegated) such as 'agu' AGE= 6-12months
23 of 34
Proto-Words
Word-like vocalisation not matching actual words - consistently for same meaning (sometimes called scribble talk) e.g. 'mmm' = give me that. Gestures i.e. pointing support verbal message AGE= 9-12 months
24 of 34
Grammar
.
25 of 34
Ursula Bellugi (1966)
Negation Stages
26 of 34
1) Two Word Stage
NO or NOT used at beginning or end of a statement e.g. 'NOT eat food', 'NO yours'
27 of 34
2) Telegraphic Stage
NO/NOT begins to be used within sentences DON'T/CAN'T appear e.g. 'Daddy NO eat my food', 'I CAN'T do it mummy'
28 of 34
3) Telegraphic + Post-Telegraphic Stage
Negatives attatched to auxilliary verb + coupla verbs more accurately e.g. 'I DON'T eat my food daddy'
29 of 34
Jean Burko (1958) - Wug Experiment
56 children aged 4-7 shown wug, 97% 6-7 year olds added plural 's' 75% total 's' - wugs
30 of 34
Ursulla Bellugi
Pronoun Stages
31 of 34
Stage One
Child uses his/her name in place of pronouns e.g. 'Freddie tired'
32 of 34
Stage Two
I/Me pronouns used BUT interchangeably between subject/object e.g. 'Me tired daddy'
33 of 34
Stage Three
I/Me used in the right places according to to subject/object usage e.g. 'I'm tired daddy', 'Give it to ME mummy'
Comments
No comments have yet been made