Language Matters 1-5

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Halliday - Theory 1
social and functional. Dialects are characterised by social/regional variance. Register concerns functional variance.
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Halliday - Theory 2 (Systematic functional linguistics)
Syntactic structure of language. Social context of language acts and is constrained.
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Halliday - Theory 3
instrumental - fulfil need for the speaker. Regulatory - influence the behaviour of others. Personal - express preferences and speakers identity. Interactional - social relations and ease the process of interaction.
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Theory 3 continued
Representation - exchange of information. Heuristic - learn and explore the environment. Imaginative - explore the imagination
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Jakobson - Theory 1
1. context. 2. message. 3. sender. 4. receiver. 5. channel. 6. code
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Theory 2 - see notes
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Semantics
Branch of linguistics and logic with meaning. Logical and Lexical.
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Semiotics
Study of signs and symbols and their use or interpretation
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Pragmatics
Language in use in communicative situations.
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Deixis
The function or use of an expressive word and meaning is dependent on context
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Register
Specific lexical and grammatically choices made by speakers depending on situational context, participants and function of language in the discourse
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Randolph Quirk
very formal - FORMAL - neutral - INFORMAL - very informal
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Diachronic
Across time
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Synchronic
Particular moment with no interest in how that language came about
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David Crystal - Theory 1
Context: setting, participant and activity. Constraints: channel, code, message form and subject matter
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David Crystal - Theory 2
1. emotional expression. 2. Social interaction. 3. The control of reality. 4. The power of sound. 5. Recording the facts. 6. The instrument of thoughts. 7. The expression of identity
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Sapir-Whorf theory
Thoughts and actions determined by the way we speak from our language. Determinism - language restricts us. Influence - language shapes thinking and behaviour.
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Sign
The invisible linking of a signifier and signified.
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Signifier
Word, sound or picture. Public and shared.
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Signified
The meaning it has to you
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Syntagmatic
Word in a chain is given meaning by syntax
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Paradigmatic
Meaning in relation to all other words in a sentence
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Shannon - Theory 1
Transmitter - originator of message or information of source and selects and codes. Noise - encoder to decoder, affected by physical noise. Receiver - destination from sender, decoding.
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Shannon and Weaver - Theory 2
Transmitter --- **noise**--> receiver
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Lexis
Level of language consisting of vocab.
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Sociolinguistics
Study of language in relation to social factors.
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Morphology
Study of the forms of things; form, shape or structure
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Politeness
Behaviour that is respectable and considerate of other people.
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Model
Representation of a concept or system, made up of the parts of that process or system.
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Structuralism
a method of interpretation and analysis of aspects of human cognition, behaviour, culture, and experience, which focuses on relationships of contrast between elements in a conceptual system.
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Discourse Analysis
Study of which language is used in texts and contexts or texts' surrounding and defining discourse.
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Hapaxlegomena
Measurement of unique words in a text.
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The Unabomber
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The Rosetta Stone
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Syntactic structure of language. Social context of language acts and is constrained.

Back

Halliday - Theory 2 (Systematic functional linguistics)

Card 3

Front

instrumental - fulfil need for the speaker. Regulatory - influence the behaviour of others. Personal - express preferences and speakers identity. Interactional - social relations and ease the process of interaction.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Representation - exchange of information. Heuristic - learn and explore the environment. Imaginative - explore the imagination

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

1. context. 2. message. 3. sender. 4. receiver. 5. channel. 6. code

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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