2-4yr olds 'Elmo in the car gopping'- tested with original or 'Elmo is gopping in the car'- younger- use SOV/ older- SVO blocks learning
1 of 28
Language and thought separate (modular/ non-modular)
DD- Williams syndrome- mental retardation but language skill/ specific language impairment without mental delay
2 of 28
Whorfian hypothesis
Linguistic determinism hypothesis- language determines thoughts
3 of 28
Brown and Levinson
3 objects on table- Dutch= relative to body/ Tzeltal Mayans= absolute environment
4 of 28
Li and Gleitman
American students more absolute when tested outside
5 of 28
Universalist hypothesis
Different language categorise colours differently
6 of 28
Winawer et al
Russians differentiate between light and dark blue- faster at colour discrimination task
7 of 28
Syntactic ambiguity
when sentence can be read two ways
8 of 28
3 types of ambiguity
Globally ambiguous/ temporarily ambiguous/ garden path- unable to create structure for sentence
9 of 28
Eye tracking when reading
Fast, saccades (jumpy), regressions/ self paced= slow and unnatural
10 of 28
Ferreira and Stacey
Standard approach- complete, accurate/ Good enough approach- partial representations good enough to extract meaning
11 of 28
Working memory
Hold representations as we parse
12 of 28
Span task
remember last word of each sentence, span= 4
13 of 28
WM predicts use of animacy in parsing
High WM ps did not garden path with inanimate subject sentence
14 of 28
Event related potentials (ERPs)
N400- semantic mismatch/ p600- syntactic mismatch
15 of 28
Discourse comprehension
Using pragmatics to work out actual meaning using other knowledge
16 of 28
Egocentric heuristic
Focus on own perspective and ignore common ground
17 of 28
Discourse processing- 3 inferences
Logical inferences/ bridging inferences/ elaborative or strategic inferences
18 of 28
Encoding during study/ Retrieval at test
Automatic/ Intentional
19 of 28
Constructivist approach
Comprehension requires all three
20 of 28
Bransford et al
Turtle ****
21 of 28
McKoon and Ratcliff
Minimalist hypothesis- logical and bridging inferences are automatic during encoding, but elaborative inferences are made strategically based on reader's goals during recall
22 of 28
Singer
3 sentences about dentist- 1=logical/ 2= bridge/ 3= elaborative- 1 and 2 equally fast but 3 slower= not automatic
23 of 28
Bransford and Johnson
Laundry- title helps recall when presented before text- schemas affect on encoding
24 of 28
Sulin and Dooling
Hitler or Gerald Martin- errors based on previous knowledge- schemas effect on retrieval
25 of 28
Anderson and Pichert
Story from perspective of burglar or home buyer- then take other perspective- recalled new info related to second perspective- schemas influence both encoding and retrieval
26 of 28
Integration model
Reader constructs three representations- surface/ prepositional meaning/ situation representation
27 of 28
Kintsch et al
Forgetting functions for info at different levels- situation remembered best/ surface remembered worst
28 of 28
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Language and thought separate (modular/ non-modular)
Back
DD- Williams syndrome- mental retardation but language skill/ specific language impairment without mental delay
Comments
No comments have yet been made