Langer and Rodin- Aims and Context/ Methodology

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How can Langer and Rodin's study be placed into a wider context?
Sources of control can be internal(you control behaviour&choices) or external (your behaviour is shaped by fate & others choices)Higher internal sources=less stress & are less likely to become ill. So old people need to make choices so less ill.
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What is the quote which places their study in a wider context?
"Control refers to the extent to which an individual feels able to direct or regulate his/her own behaviour"
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What did Seligman say?
Lack of control & choice leads to depression. He called this learned helplessness ie. when people have no control they learn to give up, just like wlaking corpses in concentration camps. L&R were looking to see if increased choice improved wellbeing.
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Who places the study in an academic context?
Farrare (1962)
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What did Farrare (1962) do?
Observed the effect of old people not having choice about where they live.17 old people had to move to a specific old people's home, 8 had died after 4 weeks & 8 died after 10 weeks (all unexpected).Suggesting lack of choice affects well-being.
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What were Langer & Rodin's aims?
-To investigate the effect of ^ responsibility & choices, on happiness & perceived control for a group of nursing home patients. -To test the impact of ^ responsibility on factors ie satisfaction & mental alertness (variables not previously tested).
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Reliability
:-) Each group had same questionnaire, home, class, health, time at home, scale rated on, timing of announcements
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External Validity
:-) was real life with real old people and real nurses in a real home so was strong in mundane realism
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Sampling
:-( bias toward women as more of them (RIG- 8 males, 39 females) only from one home (high quality) so not representative. :-) large sample (91) Range of ages (65-90)
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Data
:-) Quantitative- 93% of the RIG improved, 21% CG improved, 48% RIG felt happier, 25% CG felt happier :-) Qualitative-RIG spent more time doing passive things (watching TV, reading), attendance for movie night was higher for RIG
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Ethics
:-) the staff continued to give high quality care to both groups :-( not as much responsibility leads to illness so CG may not be as happy (psychological harm) or become ill (physical)
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What is the quote which places their study in a wider context?

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"Control refers to the extent to which an individual feels able to direct or regulate his/her own behaviour"

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