They have a fixed shape and cannot flow because the particles cannot move from place to place and they cannot be compressed or squashed because the particles are close together and have n space to move into
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What are the properties of a liquid?
They flow and take the shape of the container because the particles are free to move around each other and they cannot be compressed or squashed because the particles are close together and have no space to move into
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What are the properties of a gas?
They flow and completely fill their container because the particles can move quickly in all directions and they can be compressed or squashed because the particles are far apart and have space to move into
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What do all three states of matter do when heated?
Expand
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True or False: It's the atoms that expand
False - It's not the atoms but it's the volume they take up that expands
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What happens to the particles in a solid when they're heated up?
They vibrate more vigorously in a fixed position
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What happens to the particles in a liquid when they're heated up?
The same as a solid but because the bonds between separate molecules are usually less tight they expand more than solids
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What happens to the particles in a gas when they're heated up?
The particles move faster which means that the volume of a gas increases more than the volume of a solid or liquid.
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Wy is evaporation different from boiling?
Because evaporation occurs at any temperature, only happens at the surface of the liquid, boiling requires an energy input
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What is the specific latent heat of a substance?
a measure of how much heat energy is needed to melt or boil it. It is the energy needed to melt or boil 1 kg of the substance.
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How can the latent heat of water be determined?
Electric heater used to melt ice. Electrical energy used is calculated by multiplying power of heater by time. Mass of melted water is recorded and relationship between energy input and mass is calculated. Amount of heat needed to change determined
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What is Brownian motion?
When particles in both liquids and gases (collectively called fluids) move randomly
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Why do they do this?
Because they are bombarded by the other moving particles in the fluid
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