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6. The pressure in the glomerulus is _______ at 55mm Hg compared to 26mm Hg normally

  • High
  • Low

7. Parathyroid hormone acts primarily on the _________ and increases the reabsorbtion of Ca2+

  • Distal convolututed tubule
  • Proximal convoluted tubule

8. Autoregulatory mechanisms maintain a relatively constant GFR over ____________

  • Arterial pressure ranges
  • Tubular pressure ranges

9. _________ that get caught in the filtration membrane are engulfed by mesangial cells

  • Marcomolecules
  • Micromolecules

10. Aldosterone increases Na in the blood and __________ K

  • Reduces
  • Increases

11. Micturition means

  • Urination
  • Excretion

12. Atrial natriuretic peptide is contrasting to aldosterone therefore ________

  • Reduces blood volume and pressure
  • Increases blood volume and pressure

13. Glomerular capillaries have glomerular mesangial cells surrounding them and can contract to adjust the total surface area available for filtration

  • True
  • False

14. Antidiuretic hormone inserts aquaporins into the collecting duct, when overhydrated, ADH is decreased and therefore the collecting ducts are impermeable to water, thus _________

  • Less water reabsorbed
  • More water reabsorbed

15. The colloid osmotic pressure in glomerular capillaries is the pressure exerted by the proteins in the blood this ______ filtrate formation

  • Inhibits
  • Promotes

16. The foot processes make up the _________ layer, they have fenestrations that prevent any escaped macromolecules from passing further

  • Visceral layer
  • Peritoneal layer

17. Reabsorbed substances follow either the transcellular or ________ route

  • Paracellular
  • Bicellular

18. Glomerular filtration occurs when _______ forces fluids and solutes through a membrane

  • Hydrostatic pressuse
  • Chemotactic factors

19. _________ is the volume of filtrate formed each minute by the combined activity of all 2 million glomeruli of the kidney

  • The glomerular filtration rate
  • The hydrostatic pressure

20. Hydrostatic pressure must be tightly regulated in the kidney becuse if it rises, NEP rises and therefore ___________ rises

  • GFR
  • NED