What are the names of the two separate states that emerged in Germany in 1949?
-The Federal Republic of Germany (FRG), -The German Democratic Republic (GDR)
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Who was Adenauer?
The first chancellor of the FRG,
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When years did he reign as Chancellor and compare this with Hitlers?
1949-1963, -This is 14 years so longer then when Hitler was in power,
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How old is Adenauer in 1949?
73
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What was he during the Nazi period?
A retired politician,
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What party was Adenauer leader of?
The Christian Democratic Union (CDU)
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What was the constitution called?
'Basic Law' or Grandgesetz
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Was the basic law permanent and when would it be?
No, -A permanent constitution for a united Germany would be signalled once a peace treaty between the East and West was established,
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Who were responsible for the FRG's constitution?
The Allies,
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What was guaranteed by the constitution?
Freedom of expression, asselbly, association and movement,
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What was the new political system instead of what?
A 'representative' rather than 'participatory' democracy,
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What did this and other 'safeguards' ensure?
That another Hitler would never occur again and to uphold democracy,
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What kind of state was the FRG?
A Federal State,
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What are the Landers and what level were they represented at and where?
Landers- Federal States in the FRG, -Represented at a national level, -In the Upper Chamber, the Bundesrat,
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What was the name of the Lower Chamber of Parliament?
Bundestag
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Why was the voting system for the Lower Chamber of Parliament complex?
As it combine the priciple of proportional representation for parties according to the percentage of votes cast and a 'first past the post' constituency,
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What does the term 'first past the post' mean and where is it used?
-Used in GB, -It allows one representative per constituency or area,
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What does the constituency 'first past the post' favour?
Larger parties and keeps out small parties,
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What was introduced in 1953 to stop what?
A '5% hurdle' was introduced later to ensure small parties couldnt gain representation and build strength without a significant share of the votes
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What was the FRG's policy towards citizenship?
That they would reunfiy and recognise all people of German descent who were liviin in formely German terriroties now under Soviet or Polish rule as entitled to citizenship in the FRG
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How many refugees fleed from the GDR up to the building of the Berlin Wall?
3 million,
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What did all political parties have to be commited to?
Democracy,
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What parties were banned and when becuase they didnt?
-the SRP in 1952, -the KPD in 1956
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What prevented an anti-democratic leader coming into power?
-The President wasnt directly elected by all people, -Representative convetion prevented it,
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Was the Presidents power more limited?
Yes
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Who appointed the Chancellor but who had to support their decision?
-Appointed by the President, -Approved by the Parliament,
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Before a Chancellor could be dismissed, what had to happen?
A new one had to be voted in under the 'constructive vote of no confidence'
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When was the 1st election in the FRG?
1949
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Who is the winner?
There is no clear winner,
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What fraction of votes did the CDU get?
1/3rd
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What is formed after weaks of negotiations between who?
A coalition between the CDU, the FDP and the DP,
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Who was Adenauer?
Back
The first chancellor of the FRG,
Card 3
Front
When years did he reign as Chancellor and compare this with Hitlers?
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