Key Idea 4- Nazi Social policies

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  • Created by: Heather
  • Created on: 18-01-15 19:09
What term was used to describe the aim of the Nazi's Social Policies and what does it mean?
Volksgemeinschaft- "People's Community"
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What kind of people would be accepted into the "People's Community"?
Aryan Race who support Nazi Beliefs
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Who were excluded from Volkgemeinschaft?
Excludes racial groups- Jews, Blacks etc as well as social groups- Gypsies, homosexuals as well as others who dont fit in like the disabled,
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What are the four successes/ areas of Volksgemeinschaft?
-workers, -Women, -Racial groups, -Young people
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What are organisation was created by the Nazis for work?
German Labour Front- DAF
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When was the DAF established?
1933
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What did this group replace and what was the aim of the old group?
This group replaced trade unions which had protected the workers,
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Who joined and why?
All workers joined as it was compulsory
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What were bosses repalced with?
plant leaders
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What did the workers elect?
They elected Councils of Trust
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Where could they take their employer is they thought he was being unfair and what would happen?
Court of Social Honour, -The employees would be given compensation
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However, what is the evidence against the use of these?
Between 1934-1936, there were 20 million workers but only 616 cases of employers being unfair
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When did the Nazis stop the elections of the Council of Trust and what happened instead?
-1935 -Places were now appointed,
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Who got more power?
Plant bosses
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However, what is the evaluation for the DAF? What is a counter argument?
Full employment is reached by 1938,
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However, what are conditions like in World War Two-Who do the workers work with? How long do they work?
Not as good as workers have to work with POW, -They work around 60 hours a week,
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Where would you go if you complained or were a troublemaker at work?
Camps of Education for Work
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Why is Strength through joy a benefit for workers?
it organised cheap holidays, days out, cheap plays and concerts,
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What item did is promise all members?
a VW car for after WW2
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How many had signed up by 1940?
300,000
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However, what is the negative of Strength through Joy?
It stops by 1940
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Why is Beauty of Work a benefit for workers?
-It improves the workplace with promises of canteens, swimming pools, showers etc
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How many businesses had signed up for this by 1939?
70,000
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However, what is the negative about Beauty of Work?
It end when WW2 starts,
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What organisation was created to replace charities?
National Socialist People's Welfare Organisation
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How many people uses this organisation and for what?
17 million for extra food, nursery places, holiday homes for mothers
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However, how were the Gestapo used in this organisation?
As a snooping agency if the people using it are suspected of being "lazy"
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Was worker policies a success?
Mainly a success before the war and the workers never really complained,
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What was the Nazi's aim for policies towards women?
"Kirche, Kuche,Kinder"- Kitchen, Church, Children
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Where did the Nazis view a women's place was?
In the home with her family,
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What was the Nazis main concern at this time?
The fall of birth rate
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What was the number of births per year in 1933?
971,174
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What was the birth rate in 1937?
1,275,212
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What two organisations organised mother's schools?
The National Socialist Womanhood and German Woman's Enterprise
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What two courses did they teach to mothers?
Motherhood skills and housing management
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What was its membership?
Several million
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What financial inducements were offered in 1943 and what did it allow?
Law for Encouragement of Marriage- This offerd up to 1,000 Marks loans to women in a couple which was reduced 25% with each child,
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What did the Ministry of the Interior rule in January 1934?
That the proportion of women entering highber education should be 10% of that of males,
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In 1937, what education was abolished for women?
grammar school education
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In 1937, what was language was banned from women learning and what was it necessary for?
Latin- It was necessary for attending a University
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In 1937, what did the Ministry of Interior persuade Hitler to do?
He persauded Hitler that women could be appointed senior positions in the civil service,
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What did the Racial Observer Newspaper observe in 1937?
That 'today, we can no longer do without the women doctor...economist and teacher in our professional life."
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By May 1939, how many women were employed and what percentage of the workforce did they make up?
12.7 million and made up 37% of the workforce,
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When was a women's section created in the DAF?
Summer of 1934
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By 1942, what percent of the DAF was composed of women?
52%
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What laws did the Government introduce for women working in industry?
Laws for the number of hours women could work as well as prohibited from undertaking heavy work
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What was the mothers cross?
A cross awarded to mothers for a certain number of children- 8-Gold, 6-Silver, 4-Bronze
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Was policies towards women a success?
YEs but only until 1937 when it conflicted with its economic aims: Employed married women could get a marriage loan becuase they worked,
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What was the aim of Nazi Youth policies?
To ensure that school syllabuses and teachers lost no opportunity to reflect and reinforce Nazi values and to put pressure on children to join the Hitler Youth and League of German Girls,
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What Law was introduced in April 1933 which removed anyone unreliable?
Law for the Re-establishment of the Civil Service
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How were teachers and lecturers now employed?
By the state
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What League was created in May 1936 and what was it responsible for?
National Socialist Teacher's League which was responsible for the indoctrination of teachers,
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What did the Nazi Student League insist students do?
Six month of Labour service before beginning studies
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What 3 subjects were given more time?
Biology, History and German
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What was the teaching of history to be built around after 1933?
The concept of heroism in Germanic form linked to leadership
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Give an example of a new school introduced?
Adolf Hitler School, Ordensburgen, The Napolas
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Who controlled the Adolf Hitler Schools?
the Hitler Youth
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When was this school first set up?
1937
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Where was each one school to be built?
In every Gau
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How many were opened by 1945?
10
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Was the education policies a success?
Yes-It promoted Nazi ideology successfully, No-The Nazis werent in power long enough to indoctrinate children fully- Childrens education is from 4-21 but only in power for 12 years,
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What was the aim of Youth Groups?
To indoctrinate and transform Germany's youth
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Give two Youth Groups for girls and the ages for each?
Young Girls League-10-14, German Girls League-14-18
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What were females taught?
traditional domestic skills and personal hygiene
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What were older girls taught specifically?
Air Raid protection duties and military nursing,
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Who were two youth groups for males?
German Young People-10-14, Hitler Youth-14-18 years
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What were boys taught?
-Physical fitness, -War games, -Sports
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In 1933, how many young people belonged to the organisation?
50,000
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What did the Nazis do to try and increase numbers?
Dissolved other Youth Groups to increase numbers and only the Catholic Youth Movement was saved,
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In 1936, what percent of Germans were part of the organisation?
60%
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When was membership made compulsory?
1939
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Give two examples of alternative groups formed?
-Swing Movement, -Edelweiss pirates
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Who formed the Swing Movement and what was it formed around?
Formed by Uni students around a love of Jazz
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What did the Nazis call the banned Jazz?
'Negermusik'
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Who did they refuse to reject?
Jews
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How did Himmler threaten this group?
He threatened ring leaders with concentration camp entry,
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Who were the Edelweiss pirates made up of?
Young teenage workers living in the Ruhr and the Rhineland
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Why were they against the Hitler Youth and what did they do to prove this?
They were against the regimentation of the Hitler Youth, -They boycotted Hitler Youth Activities,
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In 1944, who did they attack?
The Head of the Cologne Gestapo
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Was the Hitler Youth Groups successful?
Yes-60% joined by 1936, No-Opposition groups stopped effectiveness
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What was the aim of Nazi racial policies?
To seperate pure Aryan Race from others e.g. Gypsies, blacks, Jews etc
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What is the term used to describe the hatred of Jews?
Anti-Semitism
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In 1933, how many Jews are in Germany?
500,000
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In 1939, how many JEws have left Germany?
200,000
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However, in the invasion of Polan, how many Jews are there in Poland?
3 million
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IN 1941 in the invasion of the USSR, how many Jews are there in the USSR?
3 million
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What does this show?
A conflict in aims- Trying to seperate the Aryans Race for other races like the Jews but more are added through invasion,
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What are problems with the racial policies from 33-39?
The policies make it harder for Jews to leave,
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In 1933, what policy is started?
A boycott of Jewish shops and businesses
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Was this successful and why?
No- Indoctrination was not complete and there was not enough propaganda yet,
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What happens to Jews in professions?
They are removed
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in 1935, what laws are introduced and where are they announced?
Nuremburg Laws, -At a mass rally,
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What are the two Laws introduced and what do they mean/do?
1) Law for the Protection of German Blood and Honour-Limited sexual relations, 2)Reich Citizenship LAw- removed citizenship and are now less than everyone else,
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What are Jews made by the Nazis for the blames of WW1 and the Treaty of Versailles?
Scapegoats
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In 1938, what event occurs?
Kristallnacht- The Night of Broken Glass
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Who was the violence sponsered by and what violence was caused?
-sponsered by the state, -Burning of synagogues, destruction of property, violence against individuals,
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How many JEws are killed and how many are sent to concentration camps?
-100 killed and 30,000 sent to concentration camps,
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In 1938, what are Jewish names changed to?
Israel and Sarah
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In 1939 onwards, what are formed?
Killing squads or Einsatzgrappen
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What are used to enclose Jews in small areas?
Ghettos
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What conference is launched in 1942 and why?
Wannsee Conference to discuss the final solution to kill all Jews on a mass scale,
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Why could Nazis Racial policies be a success?
They successfully achieved their aim to remove other races from the Aryans
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However, what 3 reasons was the aim of the Nazis to mass extermination of Jews a failure?
-It took resources from the achievement of other aims, -THey could have used Jews as workers towards total war economy, -They could have been used as soldiers at the front
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Why was there a conflict in aims with Nazi racial policies?
AS the Nazis aim to sepeare the Aryan race from other races did nothing to help the nazis aim of winning the war and prohibited it,
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What kind of people would be accepted into the "People's Community"?

Back

Aryan Race who support Nazi Beliefs

Card 3

Front

Who were excluded from Volkgemeinschaft?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are the four successes/ areas of Volksgemeinschaft?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are organisation was created by the Nazis for work?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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