Key Theme One- Russian Ruler's main domestic policies- Local Government

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  • Created by: Heather
  • Created on: 14-01-16 12:59
For AII, when did he introduce his Local Government Reform and what did this introduce?
-1864, -Local Zemstvas arose in each district.
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What fraction of votes were given to which people in society for seats?
1/3 votes for Gentry, 1/3 for townspeople, 1/3 from peasants,
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What were Zemstvas focused on?
Focused on improvements only e.g. Public health, roads, education,
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What did he introduce?
Justices of the Peace,
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How does AII show continuity?
He is similar to Nicholas who further reformed the Zemstva,
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How does AII show change?
Different to AIII-Reduced representativeness of local government,
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For AIII, what did he introduce to replace Justices of Peace and when? Why?
Land Captains in 1889, -Increase efficiency and decrease corruption,
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How did AIII change the electorate system for zemstva?
He reduced the representation of peasants and increased it for gentry,
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How does AIII show continuity?
Similar to Lenin and Stalin with his centralisation of power,
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How does AIII show change?
Different to the other Tsars who liberalised zemstvas,
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For NII, what did he reintroduce from which Tsar?
He reintroduced elected magistrates or Justices of Peace,
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How did NII change Zemstva spending on what and when?
-Zemstva spending on health, poor relief and agricultural advice doubled from 1906-1912,
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What decision about the zemstva was vetoed?
Zemstva extension into nationalities was vetoed,
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How does Nicholas II show continuity?
Similar to AII's reforms,
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How does NII show change?
Different to AIII who regressed zemstva role,
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For Provisiongal Government, what was vital to central control?
Moscow and Petrograd Soviets vital to central control,
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For Lenin, what were zemstvas replaced by and why?
-Soviets, -Zemstvas disbanded as counter-revolutionary and bourgeoisie,
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What policy did he continue from AIII to keep control?
Centralisation of power,
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However, what criteria did you have to fit to join the Soviets?
Only Bolsheviks could be elected to Soviets,
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How does Lenin show continuity?
Similar to Stalin who continues Soviets and centralisation,
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How does Lenin show change?
Different from Tsars-They used zemstva, -Different from Khrushchev who decentralised,
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For Stalin, what were Local Soviets controlled by?
Central Bureaucracy,
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Who could only be elected to Soviets?
Communist Party Members,
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How does Stalin show continuity?
Similar to Lenin who also centralised,
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How does Stalin show change?
Different to Khrushchev who decentralised,
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For Khrushchev, what policy did he undertake?
Decentralisation,
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What did he introduce to attempt decentralisation?
He created 105 regional councils or 'Sovnarkhozy'
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How does Khrushchev show change?
Different to Lenin and Stalin who centralised,
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To conclude, what is the big picture or overall pattern for the rulers over time for local government?
The Dictators learnt from the mistakes of the Tsars that local freedom would result for national freedom and as a result centralised control,
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Card 2

Front

What fraction of votes were given to which people in society for seats?

Back

1/3 votes for Gentry, 1/3 for townspeople, 1/3 from peasants,

Card 3

Front

What were Zemstvas focused on?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What did he introduce?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How does AII show continuity?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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