Key Theme One- Russian Ruler's domestic policies- Industry

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  • Created by: Heather
  • Created on: 13-01-16 20:55
For Alexander II, who was the new Minister of Finance and when was he introduced?
-Reutern, -1862,
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What aspect of industry did he focus on and statistics to show this development?
He expanded the growth of rail line- The Russian Empire in the 1860s had about 2,000 kilometres of railroad. By 1880 it had 24,000 kilometres,
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What work regime did he introduce to urban workers and what was it? Which ruler introduced a similar reform?
-"New Work Discipline" to control the workers with rules, -Lenin introduced something similar,
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How does Alexander II show continuity?
Tsars- Recognised need for industrialisation but not aware of consequences,
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How does Alexander II show change?
Different to the Tsars as they didn't focus on industry to the same extent,
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For AIII, describe the continued railway expansion with statistics?
1880-24,000 kilometres increased by 1900 to 55,000.
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Who was the Minister of Finance and what was his effect on the economy?
-Witte, -Witte's Great Spurt- 8% growth in the economy,
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What railway began to be built?
The Trans-Siberian Railway,
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What two things did AIII introduce in 1882?
-Women and children banned from working in mines, -Factory inspections,
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What maximum hours did he introduce?
11.5 maximum working hours,
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How does Alexander III show continuity?
Similar to Nicholas II
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How does Alexander III show change?
Different to Khrushchev- He recognised the importance of living conditions,
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For NII, what Minister of Finance continues what spurt?
-Witte, -Continues Witte's Great Spurt with an 8% economic growth,
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What new policy does Witte introduce and when?
-Takes Russia to Gold Standard, -1897,
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When was the Trans-Siberian railway finished?
1904
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What did NII recommit to about what hour day?
He recommitted to the 11.5 hour day in 1896
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When do factory inspections improve?
1903
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When are strikes allowed and how many did this lead to?
-1905, -14,000
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How does Nicholas II show continuity?
Similar to Alexander II as both has Witte as Finance Minister, -Similar to Lenin as both had major roles in industry,
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How does Nicholas II show change?
Different to Khrushchev who expanded house building,
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For the Provisional Government, what hour day was introduced?
8 hour day,
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What did the Provisional Government allow workers to do?
They had the freedom to strike,
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For Lenin, what problem continued from the Provisional Government for the economy?
High inflation,
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What three economic policies did Lenin introduce and when?
1917-18 State Capitalism, 1918-21 War Communism, 1921-24- New Economic Policy,
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What did Lenin's second, War Communism policy, introduce?
Nationalisation of major industry and finance and requisitioning,
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What type of people developed from the NEP and who were they?
-Nepmen, -New businessmen,
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What levels did industry return to by 1926?
Pre-war levels,
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How does Lenin show continuity?
SImilar to Nicholas II and Stalin- All ensured the state played a key role in indsutry, -Tsars as allowed elements of capitalism,
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For Stalin, how many Five year Plans did he have?
Five,
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When was his First Five Year Plan and what was his aim and an example iron production?
-1938-32, -Aim- Double production, -Magnitogorsk,
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What work hours and days did he introduce?
-12 hour day, -6 days a week,
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What social group were increasingly invovled in indsutry and statistics to show this?
-More women in the workforce, -By 1937, 40% of industrial workforce were women,
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Who was planning and targets for workers set by?
Gosplan, the State Planning Commission,
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What is made a criminal offence?
Absenteeism,
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Give an example of an unsuccessful aspect of heavy indsutry changed?
Belomor Canal- 1,000 died in its making and it was too shallow for use,
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How does Stalin show continuity?
Staluin was similar to Lenin in requisioning grain to support indsutry,
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How does Stalin show change?
He is different to Lenin as he abolished the NEP,
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For Khrushchev, what plan does he introduce and when?
7 Year Plan, -1959,
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Give statistics to show his success in heavy industry?
Coal- In 1955, 400 million tonnes to 1958, 500 million tonnes
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What does he set up for decentralising indsutrial control?
105 regional economic councils, -Sovnarkhozy,
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What does Khrushchev decriminalise which another ruler criminalised?
Absenteeism, -Stalin,
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What new policy does he introduce in 1956?
A minimum wage,
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What hour day does he recommit to?
A 7 hour day,
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How does Khrrushchev show continuity?
Similar to Nicholas II who also focused on agricultural growth, not just industrial,
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How does Khrushchev show change?
Different to Stalin in that Stalin's focus was heavy industry only,
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However, what can be concluded for the overall pattern of industry?
Industry became a major focus for both the Tsars and the Dictators. However, the Tsars didn't recognise the impact of indsutrialisation whereas Lenin and Stalin emphasised it to justify their revolution,
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Card 2

Front

What aspect of industry did he focus on and statistics to show this development?

Back

He expanded the growth of rail line- The Russian Empire in the 1860s had about 2,000 kilometres of railroad. By 1880 it had 24,000 kilometres,

Card 3

Front

What work regime did he introduce to urban workers and what was it? Which ruler introduced a similar reform?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How does Alexander II show continuity?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How does Alexander II show change?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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