Key Historical Individuals 0.0 / 5 ? HistoryMedicine through time (OCR History A)GCSEEdexcel Created by: jemtottleCreated on: 29-04-18 11:16 Hippocrates An ancient Greek physician (5th century BC) who invented the theory of The Four Humours 1 of 22 Galen Ancient Roman physician (2nd century) refined Hippocrates idea with his Theory of Opposites 2 of 22 Paracelsus Pioneered use of chemicals in medicine, challenged Galen's ideas and discovered illness was caused by external agents. 3 of 22 William Harvey Discovered that the blood circulated the body not made in the liver which Galen taught 4 of 22 Thomas Sydenham He challenged Galen's ideas and discovered that illness was caused by external factors 5 of 22 Andreas Vesalius He challenged all Galen's previous teachings in his illustrated medical book 6 of 22 Johannes Gutenberg In around 1440, he produced the world's first printing press 7 of 22 Louis Pasteur Created the Germ Theory which became the basis for all later medical discoveries. (1861) 8 of 22 Robert Koch Built upon Louis Pasteur's theory by identifying that different germs caused different illness 9 of 22 Florence Nightingale Pioneered cleanliness and sanitation in hospitals and nursing 10 of 22 Joseph Lister Pioneered the use of carbolic acid as antiseptics in surgery, leading to the investigation of antiseptic (1867) 11 of 22 James Simpson Tested various different chemical substances and their effectiveness as anaesthetics 12 of 22 Edward Jenner Saw a link between cow pox and small pox leading him to create the first vaccine (1796) 13 of 22 John Snow Discovered cholera was caused by contaminated water not maisma (he published this in 1849 but it wasn't excepted until the 1860's) 14 of 22 Alexander Fleming Discovered penicillin in 1928 after leaving out dirty petri dishes 15 of 22 Howard Florey and Ernst Chain Some of Fleming's students who discovered Fleming's findings in an old note book and decided to act on it by further testing it. (1939-1941) 16 of 22 Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin She identified the chemical structure of penicillin (1945) 17 of 22 John C. Sheehan Successfully created a chemical copy of penicillin so that it can be changed to target different diseases 18 of 22 Lawrence Bruce Robertson and Geoffrey Keynes Discovered a way to transfer blood to soldiers in ww1 without the need for the donor to be present 19 of 22 Harvey Cushing An American neurosurgeon who made huge advances in brain surgery in ww1 20 of 22 Harold Gillies Pioneered new plastic surgery ideas in ww1 (main cause of need for plastic surgery) 21 of 22 Harold Gillies Pioneered new plastic surgery ideas in ww1 (main cause of need for plastic surgery) 22 of 22
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