Enclosure; concern over saffron; anger over gentry's manipulation of the foldcourse system; Gentry overstocking common land; rivers to be open to all for fishing
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Economic grievances?
• The rents on land – gentry placing them under increasing financial pressure due to rising prices – calls for them to return to the level of Henry VII’s reign (harsh economic conditions of 1549 were a factor)
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Religious grievances?
Protestant; wanted change to go further; concerned about poor clerical standards and non-resident clergy; need for priests to teach children the basics of Christian belief
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Social structure/local government grievances?
Criticised officers of the Court of Wards: the feodary and escheator (Flowerdew was one) ; each officer who has offended them to pay 4d for every day they were assembled; right for gentry over doves/rabbits; removal of bond men; gentry had duties
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What happened previous to the rebellion?
1548 major riot on Whitsunday (20th May) in Northaw, Hertfordshire, against Sir William Cavendish over enclosure, killed 2,000 rabbits and blowed up the warrens. Used legality argument again.
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How did Somerset react?
Issued a commission for investigating illegal enclosures in the Midlands counties to the north, led by the idealistic evangelical civil servant John Hales, who introduced three bills on enclosure into parliament in 1548
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When did trouble break out again? Where and against who?
May 1549 over enclosure of common land in Wiltshire, Somerset and Bristol; Sir William Herbert of Wilton
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What happened in Norfolk? Where did they go first?
Anti-enclosure riots began they went to the house of local lawyer Sir Flowerdew who had been putting up fences and bought the local abbey church to pull down
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How did Flowerdew react? Who was Kett?
He sent the rebels to Robert Kett who was his rival and a well-to-do tanner turned landowner
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How did Kett react?
Kett began to lead them along with his brother William, a butcher
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Where and when did they set up camp? How many rebels were there?
12 July 16,000 rebels had set up camp on Mousehold Heath, just outside the city of Norwich.
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How did the rebels act at Mousehold?
They set up a military like system, very orderly. They wrote up their grievances and camps were used to administer justice holding trials at the ‘tree of Reformation’
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How did Somerset react? When?
21st July the Royal Herald offered them a pardon if they would return home
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How did the rebels respond?
They rejected the pardon and took Norwich (overwhelming its feeble defences) Key moment given that this was England's second city at the time
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How did Somerset react? When? Significant figures?
30 July William Parr, Marquis of Northampton, arrived with a force of 14,000 troops, including some Italian mercenaries and Suffolk gentry
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Did Northampton succeed?
31 July he abandoned the city ad Lord Sheffield was captured and brutally beaten
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Who finally ended the rebellion? When did he arrive? With how many men?
John Dudley, Earl of Warwick arrived with 12,000 men on 23 August
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When did the battle take place? Where?
27 August at Dussindale about 3000 rebels were killed
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What happened to Kett and the other ringleaders
Kett was captured and condemned to death for treason and hanged with 48 of his accomplices in December
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Elements of class warfare?
Tree of Reformation; Norwich had big social divide; rebels set fire to houses of the rich; Capture of Lord Sheffield and one of Northampton's mecenaries (stripped naked to show contempt for finery); 17/29 focused on landlords, rents and enclosure
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Economic grievances?
Back
• The rents on land – gentry placing them under increasing financial pressure due to rising prices – calls for them to return to the level of Henry VII’s reign (harsh economic conditions of 1549 were a factor)
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