JUDAISM teachings, beliefs and practices

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SHECHINAH
Gods presence felt in the world.
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THE SHEMA
declaration of faith prayer said 3 times a day. said aloud and clearly. 'the lord is one' 'forever and ever'
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ABRAHAMS COVENANT.
God promised to look after the descendants of Abraham, give them the Promised Land and help them. in return for worshiping only him and circumcision. God tested his faith, asking him to sacrifice his only son & he complied but then God saved him
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MOSES' COVENANT.
God promised to free all Jews from slavery and make them his holy people in return for keeping the Sabbath Day and obeying him. Moses was given the 10 commandments on Mount Sinai, he is a founding father or Judaism.
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TIKKUN OLAM
'To repair or heal the world'. The belief that mankind had a responsibility to heal, restore and change the world.
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TZEDAKAH.
'doing righteous acts'. Jews are encouraged to give what they can to the less fortunate, Tzedakah money boxes are often found in synagogues.
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CHESED
'loving kindness'
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MESSIAH
'the anointed one'. Descendant of King David. Ride into Jerusalem on a donkey. Will follow the commandments. Make righteous decisions. Whole world will worship the Jewish God. No more hunger, illness and death. Weapons of war will be destroyed.
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BELIEFS ABOUT THE AFTERLIFE.
1 - believe the soul comes from the essence of God and so will live on. 2 - Resurrection to the righteous in the Messianic Age. 3- Orthodox Jews believe souls reincarnate to carry on tikkun olam
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PIKAUCH NEFESH.
the principle of saving a life which overrides all other religious laws.
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THE TENAKH
The holy scriptures of Judaism
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KASHRUT
Jewish dietary system that covers what Jews can and cannot eat.
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ARON HAKODESH / ARK OF THE COVENANT.
Houses the Torah scrolls. Found at the front centre of the synagogue. Eastern wall as Jews face Jerusalem whilst praying.
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NER TAMID.
'ever-burning light'. found at the front of the ark. symbol of Israel as it is destined to be the 'light of all nations. also highlights Gods eternal presence.
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BIMAH.
elevated reading platform from which the torah is read from. centre of the synagogue as the teachings should be at the centre of Jews lives.
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THE AMIDAH.
Prayer said whilst standing up in synagogue. prayer of 19 blessings. NEED A MINYAN
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SHABBAT
Jewish day of rest, beginning at sundown Friday until the stars are out on Saturday. Commandment. Part of covenant they must keep. 2 candles lit by woman before. NO WORKING. Synagogue has special Shabbat services. Blessing over foods.
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HAVDALAH.
End of Shabbat ritual. means separation and represents the difference between sacred shabbat time and regular time. blessings over spices wine and food - sweet smell of spices reminds jews of the sweet holy time. lighting candles as symbolises workin
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BRIT MILAH.
birth ceremony for boys. circumcision 8 days after birth. covenant with abraham sign. a trained mohel carries it out and a kvater (godparent) carries the child to the sander (special male guest) who holds baby as it is done. blessings read, candles
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BAR/BATMITZVAH.
Coming of age - 12/13 years old, accepting Jewish responsibility (son/daughter of the commandments), community, reading from torah
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MARRIAGE.
fulfilment of the commandment 'be fruitful and multiply' as having children is only rightly done within marriage. Ketubah (contract) is signed in front of 4 witnesses. groom crushes glass to represent destruction of Temple in Jerusalem
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DEATH.
deceased person is respected as a living person. corpse is watched to ensure proper treatment, reciting psalms constantly. Hevrah Kadishah (holy society) prepare body for burial - white cloth and tallit w no tzitzit if male. buried pure as they came
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ANINUT.
period between death and burial - bereaved is excused of all mitzvot. cannot cut hair, have sex, wash clothes or bathe to emphasise discomfort.
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SHIVAH (seven)
from the burial to 7 days after - observed by close family - sit on low stools for discomfort - all mirrors are covered and candle is lit for 7 days - people come to comfort the bereaved and help with food and cooking.
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SHELOSHIM
30 days including those of Shivah - some restrictions are lifted, they can bathe and go to work.
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AVELUT
the next 11 months - all restrictions are lifted though they should not attend happy events such as marriages.
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YAHRZEIT
Anniversary of the death of a parent - candle lit for 24 hours - Yizkor (memorial prayer) said.
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ROSH HASHANAH.
New Year - represents the day that god created the world. Shofar (horn) is blown 3 times as calls of repentance. Reciting Tashlich prayer. Attending synagogue. Sweet foods such as honey cake, apples and honey and pomegranate eaten.
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YOM KIPPUR.
Day of atonement at the end of 10 day long Rosh Hashanah - think of what they have done and reconcile w god. day of confession. fasting all day for concentration on thought not food.
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PESACH.
Commemorates the liberation of Israelites from Egyptian slavery - happiness from great sadness. Seder meals on both days. 5 key concepts of peach: memory, optimism, faith, family and responsibility to others. Chametz (leavened food) is removed
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THE SEDER MEAL.
1st and 2nd night of Pesach - recital of Haggadah (book of instruction) is the most important part. Matzah. Bitter herbs. Vegetables in salt water. Fruit and nut ground together to represent mortar made by slaves. Shankbone (meat). Wine.
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HAGGADAH.
The service text read for the Passover meal (Pesach)
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KOSHER.
proper or lawful for Jews
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

THE SHEMA

Back

declaration of faith prayer said 3 times a day. said aloud and clearly. 'the lord is one' 'forever and ever'

Card 3

Front

ABRAHAMS COVENANT.

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

MOSES' COVENANT.

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

TIKKUN OLAM

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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