joints

?
movment and location of ball and socket joint
l: shoulder and hip m: rotation, flextion, extention, abduction, adduction
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movement and location of hinge joint
l:knee,elbow, ankle m:flextion, extention, planta flextion, dorsi flextion
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what is a pivot joint
a joint located in the neck
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what is a condyloid joint
a joint that is located in the wrists
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what is a gliding joint
a joint located in the vertabrea
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what iss an agonist
muscle responsible for creating movement
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what is an antagonist
muscle that opposes the agonist providing a resistance
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what is a fixator
muscle that stabilises one part of the body whileanother cause movment
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what are the antaganistic pairs (flextion)
wrist - wrist flexors + wrist extendors elow-bicep brachii + tricep brachii shoulder- anterier delotoids + posterier delotoids hip-ilipous + glutious maximus knee- bicep fermoris + rectus fermoris ankle- tibialis anterior + gastronemius
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what are the different types of muscle contractions
isotonic ( concentric and eccentric) and isometric
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what is an isotonic contraction
when the muscle changes length during contraction
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what is a concentric contraction
when the muscle shorten during contracting
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what is a eccentric contraction
when the muscle lengthens during contraction
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what is isometric contraction
when the muscle contract it stays the same length
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what are the main parts on the sonovial joint
ligament, articular cartilage, synovial fluid, joint capsule, bursa
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what does the ligament do in the synovial joint
this is a tough band of elastic tissue, which connects bone to bone and stablises the joint
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what does the articular cartilage do in the synovial joint
smooth tissue, which covers the surface of the joint. it absorbs the shock and allows friction
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what does the synovial fluid do in the synovial joint
lubriccation liquid contained in the joint cavity. it reduces friction and privides nutriants for the joint
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what does the joint capsule do in the synovial joint
a fibrous sac with an inner synovial membrane. it is enclosed and stregthens the joint
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what does the bursa do in the synovial joint
a closed,fluid filled sac found where tendons rub over bones. it reduces friction between tendonds and bones
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what is the 3 body axies
frontal, transverse and longitudinal
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what is the frontal axis
runs horizontally from front to back e.g. kartwheel
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what is the transverse axis
runs horizontally from left to right e.g. somersault
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what is the longitudinal axis
passes vertically from top to bottom e.g. 360 degree turn
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what are he 3 planes
frontal, sagital, transverse
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what is the frontal plane
divides the bdy into front and back e.g. abduction, adduction
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what is the sagital plane
divides the body into left and right
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what is the transverse plane
divides the body into top and bottom
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what is the all or non law
all muscle fibres will give a complete contraction or no contraction at all
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what is the motor neurons
nerve cell which conducts a nerve impluse to a group of muscle fibre
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what is the motor unit
motor neutron and muscle fibres stimulated by an axon
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what are the 3 mucle fibre types
slow oxidative( long distance events) , fast oxidative glycolytic(football), fast glycolitic(100 metres)
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what are the characteristics of slow oxidative mucscle fibre
s: small neurons, few fibres, high caplillary density, high mitocondria f: slow speed of contracion, high fatigue restistance, low force of contraction
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what are the characteristice of fast oxidative glycolitic
s: large neurons, many fibres, high capillary density, moderate mitrocondria, f: fast speed of contraction, high force of contraction, moderate faigue
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what are the charateristics of fast glycolitic fibres
s: large neurons, many fibres, low capilllary density, low mitrocondria f: fast speed of contraction, high force of contraction, low fatigue resistance
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

movement and location of hinge joint

Back

l:knee,elbow, ankle m:flextion, extention, planta flextion, dorsi flextion

Card 3

Front

what is a pivot joint

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

what is a condyloid joint

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

what is a gliding joint

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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